Application and kinetics of inorganic ammonia carbon capture: current status, theory, and perspectives

Abstract

The inorganic ammonia carbon capture and co-production of ammonium fertilizer provides a good idea for low carbon production in coal-fired power plants. The integration of capture and utilization is expected to solve the problems of high energy consumption, high operating cost, and difficult utilization. In this paper, theories, product transformation, and application of the inorganic ammonia carbon capture are discussed, and the problems, such as low efficiency and serious NH₃ escape are summarized. The mass transfer kinetics is the common method to solve the above problems. Therefore, this paper summarizes the mass transfer kinetics model from three progressive levels, and focuses on the ‘mass transfer + reaction kinetics with the features of inorganic ammonia carbon capture’ theories and research methods of CO₂ absorption and NH₃ escape/absorption. Further, the relationship between the model and the design of the inorganic ammonia carbon capture system is established. The prediction of flux has been put forward based on the theory and research method of mass transfer kinetics model. The way of screening inhibitors or absorbents is proposed based on two principles of inhibiting NH₃ escape. Finally, the challenges and prospects of the inorganic ammonia carbon capture are mentioned, and the future trend of power plant centered on NH₃ is discussed.