Cocktail therapy for waterlogged archaeological wood: improving the effectiveness of PEG on air-drying by adding APTES and trifluoromethyl phenylboronic acid

IF 7.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

npj Materials Degradation Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI:10.1038/s40494-025-02221-9

Yihang Zhou, Jing Du, Xueqi Wang, W. Zhang, Kai Wang, Xiangna Han, Naisheng Li

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Abstract

Consolidation before dehydration is the major procedure to conserve waterlogged archaeological wood (WAW). Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been widely used since 1960s. However, if not combined with freeze-drying technique, PEG alone sometimes fails to provide adequate dimensional stability for heavily degraded WAW. A water-solution based ternary formula PAT, standing for PEG, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and 4-trifluoromethyl phenylboronic acid (TFMPBA) is studied using WAW of Sapium sp. and Pinus massoniana from the Nanhai No. 1 shipwreck. Compared to 20% PEG treatment, the optimized 20% PAT treatment reduces shrinkage from 71.8% to 51.0% for sapium WAW and from 14.1% to 5.6% for pine WAW after air-drying. Scanning electron microscope and low field nuclear magnetic resonance shows the PAT consolidant preferentially fills the micro cavities in cell walls and changes the drying behavior of PEG treated WAW. Finally, PAT treated samples exhibit lower hygroscopicity than PEG treated one, presumably improving their long-term stability.

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水淹考古木材的鸡尾酒疗法：通过添加APTES和三氟甲基苯硼酸来提高聚乙二醇的风干效果

脱水前固结是保存考古淹水木材（WAW）的主要步骤。聚乙二醇（PEG）自20世纪60年代以来得到了广泛的应用。然而，如果不结合冷冻干燥技术，PEG有时无法为严重降解的WAW提供足够的尺寸稳定性。以南海1号沉船上的马尾松和海参的WAW为原料，研究了PEG、3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷（APTES）和4-三氟甲基苯硼酸（TFMPBA）的水溶性三元配方PAT。与20% PEG处理相比，优化后的20% PAT处理将风干后的皂荚WAW的收缩率从71.8%降低到51.0%，松树WAW的收缩率从14.1%降低到5.6%。扫描电镜和低场核磁共振显示，PAT固结剂优先填充细胞壁的微腔，改变了PEG处理过的WAW的干燥行为。最后，PAT处理的样品比PEG处理的样品表现出更低的吸湿性，可能提高了它们的长期稳定性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

npj Materials Degradation MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

7.80%

发文量

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： npj Materials Degradation considers basic and applied research that explores all aspects of the degradation of metallic and non-metallic materials. The journal broadly defines ‘materials degradation’ as a reduction in the ability of a material to perform its task in-service as a result of environmental exposure. The journal covers a broad range of topics including but not limited to: -Degradation of metals, glasses, minerals, polymers, ceramics, cements and composites in natural and engineered environments, as a result of various stimuli -Computational and experimental studies of degradation mechanisms and kinetics -Characterization of degradation by traditional and emerging techniques -New approaches and technologies for enhancing resistance to degradation -Inspection and monitoring techniques for materials in-service, such as sensing technologies