Dual-functional copper oxide nanofluids for transformer: Synergistic enhancement of antimicrobial and insulating properties

IF 1.7 4区物理与天体物理 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

AIP Advances Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI:10.1063/5.0269819

Haidan Lin, Lijie Xu, Qunying Yu, Jiachang Guo, Dan Liŭ, Daiyong Yang, Jingyao Luan, Junbo Liu, Yi Fang

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Abstract

Oil in transformer insulation systems critically safeguards grids, yet microbial contamination catastrophically compromises dielectric integrity, threatening grid resilience worldwide. To address this dual challenge of biocontamination and insulation degradation, we engineered bifunctional copper oxide nanofluids (CuO NFs) through crystallographic tailoring and surface charge optimization. Two dominant actinomycetes (Mycoplana and Rothia), isolated from operational transformers, achieved up to 98.19% and 96.32% inactivation rates when exposed to CuO NFs, coupled with a 1.62-fold increase in AC breakdown voltage compared to base oil, owing to the designed monoclinic-phase CuO nanoparticles (+20.14 ± 1.5 mV) that disrupted microbial integrity via electrostatic adhesion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which is the first demonstration of nanoscale ROS-mediated antimicrobial mechanisms in oil-immersed insulation systems. This work provides a robust strategy for the development of bifunctional NFs that mitigate microbial contamination and enhance insulating properties.

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变压器用双功能氧化铜纳米流体：协同增强抗菌和绝缘性能

变压器绝缘系统中的油对电网至关重要，但微生物污染会灾难性地损害介质的完整性，威胁全球电网的恢复能力。为了解决生物污染和绝缘降解的双重挑战，我们通过晶体裁剪和表面电荷优化设计了双功能氧化铜纳米流体（CuO NFs）。从运行中的变压器中分离出两种优势放线菌（Mycoplana和Rothia），当暴露于CuO NFs时，其失活率高达98.19%和96.32%，同时交流击穿电压比基础油高1.62倍，这是因为设计的单临床相CuO纳米颗粒（+20.14±1.5 mV）通过静电粘附和活性氧（ROS）的产生破坏了微生物的完整性。这是在油浸绝缘系统中首次展示纳米级ros介导的抗菌机制。这项工作为开发双功能NFs提供了一个强大的策略，可以减轻微生物污染并提高绝缘性能。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

AIP Advances NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

6.20%

发文量

1233

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： AIP Advances is an open access journal publishing in all areas of physical sciences—applied, theoretical, and experimental. All published articles are freely available to read, download, and share. The journal prides itself on the belief that all good science is important and relevant. Our inclusive scope and publication standards make it an essential outlet for scientists in the physical sciences. AIP Advances is a community-based journal, with a fast production cycle. The quick publication process and open-access model allows us to quickly distribute new scientific concepts. Our Editors, assisted by peer review, determine whether a manuscript is technically correct and original. After publication, the readership evaluates whether a manuscript is timely, relevant, or significant.