Exercise affects salivary biomarkers of creatine metabolism in healthy adults

IF 3.1 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine and Health Science Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-27 DOI:10.1016/j.smhs.2025.03.010

Bogdan Andjelic , Tijana Lainovic , Nikola Todorovic , Jovana Panic , Milan Vranes , Valdemar Stajer , Sergej M. Ostojic

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Abstract

Background

We monitored changes in salivary creatine pre- and post-high-intensity exercise in young adults while also investigating the potential correlation between salivary and serum creatine levels.

Method

Saliva and serum samples were collected before and immediately after an incremental running-to-exhaustion treadmill test in fifteen young adults (mean age [23.9 ± 2.9] years, eight females), with samples analyzed for guanidinoacetic acid, creatine, and creatinine using a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method.

Results

Following exercise, there was a substantial elevation in salivary creatine levels from (17.5 ± 14.2) μmol·L⁻¹ to (43.6 ± 30.4) μmol·L⁻¹ (p < 0.001), coupled with a significant increase in salivary creatinine from (11.3 ± 5.8) μmol·L⁻¹ to (17.0 ± 9.3) μmol·L⁻¹ (p = 0.04). In contrast, serum creatine levels were unaffected by exercise (p = 0.80), while creatinine levels exhibited a strong tendency to decrease post-exercise (from [81.8 ± 17.5] μmol·L⁻¹ to [73.1 ± 11.6] μmol·L⁻¹; p = 0.06). A comparison of the slopes of the two regression lines (saliva vs. serum) revealed significant differences for both creatine (p = 0.01) and creatinine (p = 0.03).

Conclusions

The above findings suggest a potential difference in the dynamics of creatine metabolites in these two bodily fluids, both pre and post-exercise.

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运动影响健康成人唾液中肌酸代谢的生物标志物。

背景：我们监测了年轻人高强度运动前后唾液肌酸的变化，同时也调查了唾液和血清肌酸水平之间的潜在相关性。方法：对15名年轻成人（平均年龄[23.9±2.9]岁，8名女性）进行增量跑步至疲劳跑步机试验前和试验后立即采集唾液和血清样本，采用液相色谱-串联质谱法检测胍基乙酸、肌酸和肌酐。结果：运动后，大鼠唾液肌酸水平从（17.5±14.2）μmol·L-1显著升高至（43.6±30.4）μmol·L-1 (p < 0.001)，唾液肌酐从（11.3±5.8）μmol·L-1显著升高至（17.0±9.3）μmol·L-1 （p = 0.04）。相比之下，血清肌酐水平不受运动影响（p = 0.80），而肌酐水平在运动后呈明显下降趋势（从[81.8±17.5]μmol·L-1降至[73.1±11.6]μmol·L-1, p = 0.06）。比较两条回归线（唾液与血清）的斜率，发现肌酸（p = 0.01）和肌酸酐（p = 0.03）的差异显著。结论：上述研究结果表明，运动前后两种体液中肌酸代谢物的动态变化可能存在差异。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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