Emerging use of bio-nanomaterials for brain pathologies.

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q3 NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY

Nanotoxicology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI:10.1080/17435390.2026.2634094

Laiba Noor, Manu Smriti Singh, Arun Upadhyay, Vibhuti Joshi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Nanotechnology arises as a promising platform for targeted drug delivery. Various synthetic polymer or lipid-based nanomaterials, and natural nanocarriers, such as exosomes are being developed to deliver drugs to specific organs. However, drug delivery to the brain is still challenging because of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the protective shield that allows only selective substances to reach the brain. This multi-layer passage creates a selective obstacle for drugs directed to treat neurological disorders. Several drug delivery agents, including bio-nanomaterials have shown promising outcomes in overcoming the BBB restriction. Such drug delivery systems improve bioavailability, primarily by enhancing cargo solubility. The bio-nanomaterials can simultaneously deliver multiple agents and offer sustained drug release to protect therapeutic compounds from degradation. Several pre-clinical and clinical trials are currently underway to develop functional nanoparticles that can effectively cross BBB and deliver drugs to brain tissues. This review discusses the advantages of bio-nanomaterials over traditional drug delivery methods and explores their applicability in a wide range of neurological disorders.

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生物纳米材料在脑病中的新应用。

纳米技术是一种很有前途的靶向给药平台。各种合成聚合物或脂基纳米材料，以及天然纳米载体，如外泌体，正在被开发用于将药物输送到特定器官。然而，由于血脑屏障（BBB）的存在，药物进入大脑仍然具有挑战性。血脑屏障是一种保护性屏障，只允许选择性物质进入大脑。这种多层通道为治疗神经系统疾病的药物制造了选择性障碍。包括生物纳米材料在内的几种药物递送剂在克服血脑屏障限制方面显示出有希望的结果。这种给药系统主要通过提高货物溶解度来提高生物利用度。该生物纳米材料可以同时递送多种药物，并提供持续的药物释放，以保护治疗性化合物免受降解。目前正在进行一些临床前和临床试验，以开发能够有效穿过血脑屏障并将药物输送到脑组织的功能性纳米颗粒。本文讨论了生物纳米材料相对于传统给药方法的优势，并探讨了其在广泛的神经系统疾病中的适用性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nanotoxicology 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

10.10

自引率

4.00%

发文量

审稿时长

3.5 months

期刊介绍： Nanotoxicology invites contributions addressing research relating to the potential for human and environmental exposure, hazard and risk associated with the use and development of nano-structured materials. In this context, the term nano-structured materials has a broad definition, including ‘materials with at least one dimension in the nanometer size range’. These nanomaterials range from nanoparticles and nanomedicines, to nano-surfaces of larger materials and composite materials. The range of nanomaterials in use and under development is extremely diverse, so this journal includes a range of materials generated for purposeful delivery into the body (food, medicines, diagnostics and prosthetics), to consumer products (e.g. paints, cosmetics, electronics and clothing), and particles designed for environmental applications (e.g. remediation). It is the nano-size range if these materials which unifies them and defines the scope of Nanotoxicology . While the term ‘toxicology’ indicates risk, the journal Nanotoxicology also aims to encompass studies that enhance safety during the production, use and disposal of nanomaterials. Well-controlled studies demonstrating a lack of exposure, hazard or risk associated with nanomaterials, or studies aiming to improve biocompatibility are welcomed and encouraged, as such studies will lead to an advancement of nanotechnology. Furthermore, many nanoparticles are developed with the intention to improve human health (e.g. antimicrobial agents), and again, such articles are encouraged. In order to promote quality, Nanotoxicology will prioritise publications that have demonstrated characterisation of the nanomaterials investigated.