Corneal and Ocular Aberrations: A Comparative Study of Hyperopic, Emmetropic, and Myopic Eyes.

IF 1.5 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research Pub Date : 2026-02-16 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI:10.18502/jovr.v21.18138

Amir Golmakani, Negareh Yazdani, Jamshid Jamali, Asieh Ehsaei

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Abstract

Purpose: To investigate differences in corneal and ocular aberrations between hyperopic, emmetropic, and myopic eyes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 84 eyes from 84 healthy participants (age range 18-35 years), who were equally divided into three refractive error groups of hyperopia, emmetropia, and myopia. Following comprehensive optometric examinations, corneal and ocular aberrations were measured using Pentacam and Zywave imaging systems, respectively. Aberrations were measured for a pupil diameter of 5 mm. Root-mean-square (RMS), Zernike coefficients, and compensation factor (CF) between total ocular and corneal aberrations were calculated for statistical analysis.

Results: The mean spherical equivalent was +1.96 $\pm$ 1.64, -0.17 $\pm$ 0.19, and -2.46 $\pm$ 1.56 diopters in hyperopic (H), emmetropic (E), and myopic (M) eyes, respectively. The amount of corneal Zernike coefficients Z₄ ^-2 in the hyperopic eyes (H: 0.015 $\pm$ 0.040) was significantly higher than that of emmetropic eyes (E: -0.018 $\pm$ 0.054) and myopic eyes (M: -0.003 $\pm$ 0.038) with a P-value of 0.029. The RMS of corneal total coma (H: 0.228 $\pm$ 0.097, E: 0.183 $\pm$ 0.086, M: 0.164 $\pm$ 0.083, P-value: 0.009, respectively) and RMS of ocular fifth-order (H: 0.045 $\pm$ 0.018, E: 0.036 $\pm$ 0.020, M: 0.032 $\pm$ 0.016, P-value: 0.002) showed a significant difference between refractive error groups, with higher value in hyperopic eyes compared to the two other groups. There was no significant difference in CF for RMS and Zernike coefficients among the refractive error groups.

Conclusion: Hyperopic eyes showed a higher RMS value for ocular fifth-order and corneal coma aberrations compared to the emmetropic and myopic eyes.

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角膜和眼像差：远视、屈光不正和近视的比较研究。

目的：探讨远视、远视和近视眼之间角膜和眼像差的差异。方法：这项横断面研究包括84名健康参与者（年龄18-35岁）的84只眼睛，他们平均分为远视、远视和近视三个屈光不正组。综合验光检查后，分别使用Pentacam和Zywave成像系统测量角膜和眼像差。在瞳孔直径为5mm时测量像差。计算全眼和角膜像差的均方根（RMS）、Zernike系数和补偿因子（CF）进行统计分析。结果：远视(H)、准远视(E)和近视眼(M)的平均球面等效度分别为+1.96±1.64、-0.17±0.19和-2.46±1.56屈光度。远视组（H: 0.015±0.040）角膜泽尼克系数Z4 -2显著高于远视组（E: -0.018±0.054）和近视组（M: -0.003±0.038），p值为0.029。屈光不正组间角膜全昏迷RMS （H: 0.228±0.097,E: 0.183±0.086,M: 0.164±0.083，p值分别为0.009）和眼五阶RMS （H: 0.045±0.018,E: 0.036±0.020,M: 0.032±0.016，p值为0.002）差异均有统计学意义，其中远视组高于其他两组。屈光不正组间RMS和Zernike系数CF无显著差异。结论：远视眼的眼五阶和角膜昏迷像差的均方根值高于远视眼和近视眼。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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