Recombinant phospholipase A₂ inhibitor of Sinonatrix annularis (ringed water snake) attenuates hemorrhagic action of the venom from Daboia siamensis (Siamese Russell's viper).

IF 0.9 4区医学 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Asian Biomedicine Pub Date : 2025-12-31 eCollection Date: 2025-12-01 DOI:10.2478/abm-2025-0038

Wichit Thaveekarn, Jureeporn Noiphrom, Asada Leelahavanichkul, Orawan Khow

{"title":"Recombinant phospholipase A2 inhibitor of Sinonatrix annularis (ringed water snake) attenuates hemorrhagic action of the venom from Daboia siamensis (Siamese Russell's viper).","authors":"Wichit Thaveekarn, Jureeporn Noiphrom, Asada Leelahavanichkul, Orawan Khow","doi":"10.2478/abm-2025-0038","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a common enzyme in snake venoms from many species that hydrolyzes phospholipids in cell membranes, causing local and systemic adverse effects. Interestingly, PLA2 inhibitors in the snake blood are a natural neutralization against PLA2 that is leaked into the circulation. Hence, synthesizing liver PLA2 inhibitors might be a novel and effective anti-venom strategy.Objective: To test if PLA2 inhibitor gamma form (PLIϒ) reduces the hemorrhagic effect of crude Daboia siamensis (D. siamensis) (a venomous viper with high PLA2 abundance in the venom).Methods: PLIϒ was synthesized and purified from the data of Sinonatrix annularis. Then, PLA2 activity in the snake venoms was screened and tested against PLA2 activity from crude D. siamensis venom. The hemorrhage effect of crude D. siamensis was measured with the minimum hemorrhagic activity dose in mice with and without PLIϒ.Results: D. siamensis had the highest PLA2 activity among the 5 selected venomous snakes. The PLIϒ reduced the PLA2 activity of crude D. siamensis by up to 34.8% (in vitro) and decreased hemorrhagic spots in mice by up to 30.2% on the inner surface of mouse skins compared with controls.Conclusion: PLIϒ reduced PLA2 activity and was effective in mitigating the hemorrhagic effect of crude D. siamensis.","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":"19 6","pages":"394-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12919382/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Asian Biomedicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2025-0038","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/12/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) is a common enzyme in snake venoms from many species that hydrolyzes phospholipids in cell membranes, causing local and systemic adverse effects. Interestingly, PLA₂ inhibitors in the snake blood are a natural neutralization against PLA₂ that is leaked into the circulation. Hence, synthesizing liver PLA₂ inhibitors might be a novel and effective anti-venom strategy.

Objective: To test if PLA₂ inhibitor gamma form (PLIϒ) reduces the hemorrhagic effect of crude Daboia siamensis (D. siamensis) (a venomous viper with high PLA₂ abundance in the venom).

Methods: PLIϒ was synthesized and purified from the data of Sinonatrix annularis. Then, PLA₂ activity in the snake venoms was screened and tested against PLA₂ activity from crude D. siamensis venom. The hemorrhage effect of crude D. siamensis was measured with the minimum hemorrhagic activity dose in mice with and without PLIϒ.

Results: D. siamensis had the highest PLA₂ activity among the 5 selected venomous snakes. The PLIϒ reduced the PLA₂ activity of crude D. siamensis by up to 34.8% (in vitro) and decreased hemorrhagic spots in mice by up to 30.2% on the inner surface of mouse skins compared with controls.

Conclusion: PLIϒ reduced PLA₂ activity and was effective in mitigating the hemorrhagic effect of crude D. siamensis.

查看原文本刊更多论文

重组环状水蛇（Sinonatrix annularis）的磷脂酶A2抑制剂减弱了暹罗毒蛇（Daboia siamensis）毒液的出血作用。

背景：磷脂酶A2 （PLA2）是许多种类蛇毒中常见的酶，可水解细胞膜磷脂，引起局部和全身的不良反应。有趣的是，蛇血中的PLA2抑制剂是对泄漏到循环中的PLA2的自然中和。因此，合成肝脏PLA2抑制剂可能是一种新颖有效的抗蛇毒血清策略。目的：测试PLA2抑制剂γ形式（pliy）是否能减少粗毒蛇（一种毒液中PLA2含量高的毒蛇）的出血效果。方法：从黄芪资料中合成并纯化pliy。然后，筛选了蛇毒中PLA2的活性，并与粗毒中PLA2的活性进行了比较。采用最小出血活性剂量对有pliy和无pliy小鼠进行观察。结果：5种毒蛇中，siamensis的PLA2活性最高。与对照组相比，pliy使粗制暹罗的PLA2活性降低了34.8%（体外），使小鼠皮肤内表面的出血点减少了30.2%。结论：pliy可降低PLA2活性，有效减轻粗品暹罗的出血作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Asian Biomedicine 医学-医学：研究与实验

CiteScore

1.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Asian Biomedicine: Research, Reviews and News (ISSN 1905-7415 print; 1875-855X online) is published in one volume (of 6 bimonthly issues) a year since 2007. [...]Asian Biomedicine is an international, general medical and biomedical journal that aims to publish original peer-reviewed contributions dealing with various topics in the biomedical and health sciences from basic experimental to clinical aspects. The work and authorship must be strongly affiliated with a country in Asia, or with specific importance and relevance to the Asian region. The Journal will publish reviews, original experimental studies, observational studies, technical and clinical (case) reports, practice guidelines, historical perspectives of Asian biomedicine, clinicopathological conferences, and commentaries Asian biomedicine is intended for a broad and international audience, primarily those in the health professions including researchers, physician practitioners, basic medical scientists, dentists, educators, administrators, those in the assistive professions, such as nurses, and the many types of allied health professionals in research and health care delivery systems including those in training.