Differential Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Redox/Inflammatory States in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Chronic Kidney Disease: A Study in a South Indian Cohort.

IF 1 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI:10.4103/aam.aam_319_25

Vasagam Shomnath M Chellam, Rajendran Babu, Jeyakumar Balakrishnan, T Rajendran, Suganya Kannan

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Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health challenge, with diabetic kidney disease being a major cause in India. Mitochondrial dysfunction is central to kidney injury, and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) reflects mitochondrial health. This study compared mtDNA-CN in urine cell pellets from diabetic CKD (DCKD), non-DCKD (NDCKD), and healthy controls (HC) in a South Indian cohort.

Materials and methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study included 75 participants (25 DCKD, 25 NDCKD, 25 HC). Urine cell pellet mtDNA-CN was measured by qPCR. Statistical analysis used ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis tests ( P < 0.05 significant).

Results: Participants averaged 55.08 ± 13.24 years old. DM patients showed significantly higher mtDNA-CN than non-DM patients (93.96 ± 14.01 vs. 49.04 ± 22.28; P = 0.0001). While no difference existed between CKD Stage III and IV, overall mtDNA-CN varied significantly across No CKD, Stage III, and Stage IV groups ( P = 0.0001). A progressive increase in mtDNA-CN was observed from HC (31.84 ± 13.41) to NDCKD (66.24 ± 14.74) and then to DCKD (93.96 ± 14.01), with highly significant differences among these groups ( P = 0.0001).

Conclusion: Our findings indicate a progressive increase in urine cell pellet mtDNA-CN across healthy individuals, NDCKD, and DCKD. This pattern, particularly in DCKD, may reflect a compensatory mitochondrial response to metabolic stress, suggesting mtDNA-CN as a promising noninvasive biomarker for disease monitoring.

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糖尿病和非糖尿病慢性肾病患者线粒体DNA拷贝数和氧化还原/炎症状态的差异：一项南印度队列研究

背景：慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）是一个全球性的健康挑战，糖尿病肾病是印度的一个主要原因。线粒体功能障碍是肾损伤的核心，线粒体DNA拷贝数（mtDNA-CN）反映线粒体健康。本研究比较了南印度队列中糖尿病CKD （DCKD）、非DCKD （NDCKD）和健康对照（HC）尿细胞颗粒中的mtDNA-CN。材料和方法：这项前瞻性横断面研究包括75名参与者（25名DCKD， 25名NDCKD， 25名HC）。采用qPCR检测尿细胞颗粒mtDNA-CN。统计学分析采用ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis检验（P < 0.05显著）。结果：参与者平均年龄55.08±13.24岁。DM患者mtDNA-CN明显高于非DM患者（93.96±14.01∶49.04±22.28;P = 0.0001）。虽然CKD III期和IV期之间没有差异，但总体mtDNA-CN在无CKD、III期和IV期组之间差异显著（P = 0.0001）。mtDNA-CN从HC（31.84±13.41）逐渐升高到NDCKD(66.24±14.74)，再到DCKD(93.96±14.01)，组间差异极显著（P = 0.0001）。结论：我们的研究结果表明，在健康个体、NDCKD和DCKD中，尿细胞颗粒mtDNA-CN呈进行性增加。这种模式，特别是在DCKD中，可能反映了线粒体对代谢应激的代偿性反应，这表明mtDNA-CN是一种有前途的无创疾病监测生物标志物。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Annals of African Medicine MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-

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0.90

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0.00%

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期刊介绍： The Annals of African Medicine is published by the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria and the Annals of African Medicine Society. The Journal is intended to serve as a medium for the publication of research findings in the broad field of Medicine in Africa and other developing countries, and elsewhere which have relevance to Africa. It will serve as a source of information on the state of the art of Medicine in Africa, for continuing education for doctors in Africa and other developing countries, and also for the publication of meetings and conferences. The journal will publish articles I any field of Medicine and other fields which have relevance or implications for Medicine.