Revolutionizing self-powered technology of soft electronics: The magnetoelastic effect leading the trend

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2026-04-16 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI:10.1016/j.sna.2026.117584

Wenhao Shi , Jincheng Wu , Zijun Li , Yan Wang , Chen Gu , Zeqi Zhu , Ning Sun , Zhiyi Peng , Xiaoguang Hu , Longlu Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Conventional soft electronics remain tethered to rigid external power sources that limit deformability, pose environmental risks, and impede their advance toward next-generation applications. Fortunately, the soft magnetoelastic effect-an emerging branch in self-powered technology-not only resolves the limitations of traditional self-powered technologies but also exhibits advantages over conventional magnetoelastic systems. Emerging in 2019, it has evolved into a transformative technology and shown irreplaceable strengths in key fields encompassing sensing and hydrogen production. However, this field still lacks a comprehensive review for guiding further research and industrial translation. Here, we first systematically explore its fundamentals, including the evolution of the magnetoelastic effect, material properties, synthesis workflows, and energy conversion mechanisms. Subsequently, both its applications in self-powered sensing (wearable medical monitoring, Human-Computer Interaction, and underwater haptic perception) and hydrogen production (driven by wind-energy, hydro-energy and oceanwave-energy) are analyzed, highlighting its unique advantages in environmental adaptability, tissue-matched modulus, low impedance as well as high current. Finally, we outline current challenges and future development directions of the soft magnetoelastic effect, aiming to accelerate the development of next-generation soft electronics and support global carbon neutrality goals.

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革新软电子自供电技术：磁弹性效应引领潮流

传统的软电子产品仍然依赖于刚性的外部电源，这限制了可变形性，造成了环境风险，并阻碍了它们向下一代应用的发展。幸运的是，软磁弹性效应——自供电技术的一个新兴分支——不仅解决了传统自供电技术的局限性，而且显示出优于传统磁弹性系统的优势。自2019年出现以来，它已发展成为一项变革性技术，并在传感和制氢等关键领域显示出不可替代的优势。然而，这一领域仍然缺乏一个全面的综述来指导进一步的研究和产业翻译。在这里，我们首先系统地探讨了它的基本原理，包括磁弹性效应的演变、材料性质、合成工作流程和能量转换机制。随后，分析了其在自供电传感（可穿戴医疗监测、人机交互、水下触觉感知）和制氢（风能、水能和海浪能驱动）方面的应用，突出了其在环境适应性、组织匹配模量、低阻抗、大电流等方面的独特优势。最后，我们概述了软磁弹性效应目前面临的挑战和未来的发展方向，旨在加速下一代软电子的发展，支持全球碳中和目标。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Sensors and Actuators A-physical 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

6.50%

发文量

630

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Sensors and Actuators A: Physical brings together multidisciplinary interests in one journal entirely devoted to disseminating information on all aspects of research and development of solid-state devices for transducing physical signals. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical regularly publishes original papers, letters to the Editors and from time to time invited review articles within the following device areas: • Fundamentals and Physics, such as: classification of effects, physical effects, measurement theory, modelling of sensors, measurement standards, measurement errors, units and constants, time and frequency measurement. Modeling papers should bring new modeling techniques to the field and be supported by experimental results. • Materials and their Processing, such as: piezoelectric materials, polymers, metal oxides, III-V and II-VI semiconductors, thick and thin films, optical glass fibres, amorphous, polycrystalline and monocrystalline silicon. • Optoelectronic sensors, such as: photovoltaic diodes, photoconductors, photodiodes, phototransistors, positron-sensitive photodetectors, optoisolators, photodiode arrays, charge-coupled devices, light-emitting diodes, injection lasers and liquid-crystal displays. • Mechanical sensors, such as: metallic, thin-film and semiconductor strain gauges, diffused silicon pressure sensors, silicon accelerometers, solid-state displacement transducers, piezo junction devices, piezoelectric field-effect transducers (PiFETs), tunnel-diode strain sensors, surface acoustic wave devices, silicon micromechanical switches, solid-state flow meters and electronic flow controllers. Etc...