Physiological adaptations of Pennisetum purpureum cv. red under graded cadmium stress and their ecological implications

IF 3.9 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI:10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101287

Liuting Zhou , Wei Chu , Xiaoyun Huang , Yafen Wu , Chengran Yu , Deqing Feng , Tao Luo , Xibai Zeng , Xiusheng Huang

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Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soils threatens crop safety and ecosystem integrity, driving the need for high-biomass remediation plants. This study investigated the growth responses, physiological adjustments, and Cd accumulation characteristics of Pennisetum purpureum cv. Red through a 135-day pot experiment under graded Cd stress (0, 1.5, 10, and 25 mg kg⁻¹). The results revealed that P. purpureum cv. Red exhibited a typical “low-promotion and high-inhibition” response pattern and a “root retention–stem buffering” strategy, whereby Cd was primarily immobilized in the root system and further restricted from reaching leaves by enhanced pectin sequestration in stems. Cadmium was predominantly retained in the root system (Translocation factor <0.4). Under high Cd exposure, stem pectin content increased by 77.2%, effectively restricting Cd transfer to photosynthetic tissues. The antioxidant enzyme system (SOD, CAT, POD) was significantly activated, although it provided limited mitigation against high Cd toxicity. Biomass recovery and a “compensatory growth effect” were observed during the later growth stage. Partial Least Squares Path Modeling indicated that internal Cd concentration, rather than the externally applied dose, better explained the physiological and growth responses, highlighting the crucial role of stem cell wall components in Cd sequestration. By day 135, the total Cd accumulation per plant in the high-Cd treatment reached 6.25 mg, demonstrating a balanced combination of moderate Cd accumulation capacity and stable growth.

In summary, P. purpureum cv. Red, with its high biomass production and moderate Cd accumulation capability, shows significant potential for the phytoremediation of moderately Cd-contaminated soils. The coordinated inter-organ defense mechanisms and late-stage compensatory growth offer new insights for the sustainable remediation of agricultural ecosystems in subtropical regions.

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紫荆狼尾草的生理适应性。分级镉胁迫下的红色及其生态意义

农业土壤中的镉（Cd）污染威胁着作物安全和生态系统的完整性，推动了对高生物量修复植物的需求。研究了紫荆狼尾草（Pennisetum purpureum cv.）的生长响应、生理调节和Cd积累特性。在分级Cd胁迫（0、1.5、10和25 mg kg−1）下进行了135天的盆栽试验。结果表明，紫花假单胞菌(P. purpureum cv.；红色表现出典型的“低促高抑”响应模式和“根保留-茎缓冲”策略，Cd主要固定在根系中，并通过加强茎中果胶的固存进一步限制Cd到达叶片。镉主要保留在根系中（转运因子<；0.4）。高Cd处理下，茎果胶含量增加77.2%，有效地限制了Cd向光合组织的转移。抗氧化酶系统（SOD， CAT， POD）被显著激活，尽管它对高镉毒性的缓解作用有限。在生长后期观察到生物量恢复和“补偿性生长效应”。偏最小二乘路径模型表明，内部Cd浓度比外部施加剂量更能解释生理和生长反应，突出了干细胞壁成分在Cd隔离中的关键作用。到第135天，高Cd处理单株Cd累积总量达到6.25 mg，表现出中等Cd积累能力和稳定生长的平衡组合。综上所述，紫花葡萄cv。红色具有较高的生物量产量和中等Cd积累能力，在中度Cd污染土壤的植物修复中显示出显著的潜力。协调的器官间防御机制和后期补偿性生长为亚热带农业生态系统的可持续修复提供了新的思路。

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来源期刊

Rhizosphere Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

8.10%

发文量

155

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： Rhizosphere aims to advance the frontier of our understanding of plant-soil interactions. Rhizosphere is a multidisciplinary journal that publishes research on the interactions between plant roots, soil organisms, nutrients, and water. Except carbon fixation by photosynthesis, plants obtain all other elements primarily from soil through roots. We are beginning to understand how communications at the rhizosphere, with soil organisms and other plant species, affect root exudates and nutrient uptake. This rapidly evolving subject utilizes molecular biology and genomic tools, food web or community structure manipulations, high performance liquid chromatography, isotopic analysis, diverse spectroscopic analytics, tomography and other microscopy, complex statistical and modeling tools.