Early-life intervention with the host-derived probiotic Bacillus subtilis improves growth and health in hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii ♂ × Huso dauricus ♀) fingerlings

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2026.103450

Wei Huang , Yang Liu , Jing Guo , Lanyin Liu , Lihua Ren , Yunyun Zhen , Yongkang Song , Qiuhua Rao , Qingeng Huang , Tuyan Luo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study evaluated the efficacy of Bacillus subtilis Ya3.1 supplementation, administered via feed (BF, 1.0 × 10⁸ CFU g⁻¹) or water (BW, 1 × 10⁷ CFU L⁻¹ every 48 h), on growth performance, intestinal function, hepatic metabolism, and disease resistance in hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii ♂ × Huso dauricus ♀) fingerlings. Following a 6-week trial, both treatments significantly improved growth parameters，including final weight, weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and viscerosomatic index (VSI)，and reduced the feed conversion ratio (FCR) relative to the controls (CK), with no impact on whole-body composition or nutrient retention. Probiotic supplementation significantly upregulated intestinal digestive enzyme activities (trypsin, α-amylase, and cellulase), with superior efficacy observed in the BF group. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that B. subtilis Ya3.1 modulated the intestinal microbiota composition by enriching Bacillus abundance of and suppressing Clostridium sensu stricto 1, despite stable microbial diversity. Untargeted liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) metabolomics revealed distinct hepatic metabolic profiles in the treated groups, characterized by widespread upregulation of metabolites and pathways indicative of heightened hepatic metabolic activity. Moreover, innate immune parameters (serum complement C3 and C4) were elevated, corresponding to significantly improved survival rates (BF: 83.3 %; BW: 80.0 %) following Aeromonas hydrophila challenge. Collectively, these findings suggest that B. subtilis Ya3.1 may promote growth and health in hybrid sturgeon fingerlings by modulating intestinal microbiota, enhancing digestive and metabolic efficiency, and potentiating innate immunity, with dietary administration yielding superior results. This study underscores the potential of host-derived probiotics for sustainable aquaculture.

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宿主来源的益生菌枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）早期干预可改善杂交鲟（Acipenser schrenckii♂× Huso dauricus♀）幼鱼的生长和健康状况

本研究评估了枯草芽孢杆菌Ya3.1通过饲料（BF, 1.0 × 10⁸CFU g⁻¹）或水（BW， 1 × 10⁷CFU L⁻¹每48 h）补充对杂交鲟（施氏鲟♂×达乌利鲟♀）幼鱼生长性能、肠道功能、肝脏代谢和抗病性的影响。经过6周的试验，两种处理均显著改善了末重、增重率（WGR）、特定生长率（SGR）和内脏体指数（VSI）等生长参数，降低了饲料系数（FCR），但对全身成分和营养成分保留没有影响。添加益生菌可显著上调肠道消化酶（胰蛋白酶、α-淀粉酶和纤维素酶）活性，其中BF组效果更佳。高通量16S rRNA基因测序结果表明，枯草芽孢杆菌Ya3.1在微生物多样性稳定的情况下，通过增加Bacillus丰度和抑制Clostridium sensu stricto 1来调节肠道菌群组成。非靶向液相色谱-质谱（LC-MS）代谢组学揭示了治疗组中不同的肝脏代谢谱，其特征是代谢物和指示肝脏代谢活性增强的途径广泛上调。此外，先天免疫参数（血清补体C3和C4）升高，显著提高了嗜水气单胞菌感染后的存活率（BF: 83.3 %;BW: 80.0 %）。综上所述，这些发现表明枯草芽孢杆菌Ya3.1可能通过调节肠道微生物群、提高消化和代谢效率、增强先天免疫来促进杂交鲟鱼种的生长和健康，并且在饲料中添加该菌效果较好。这项研究强调了宿主衍生益生菌在可持续水产养殖中的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.