A study on a novel MIL-100(Fe)@UREA Nano-Fertilizer with high loading capacity and superior sustained-release performance

IF 4.7 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI:10.1016/j.micromeso.2026.114066

Yujing Zhou , Yizhe Yang , Yinqi Sun , Zihao Wang , Hengbo Ding , Kai Liu , Weiguo Zhang , Songke Feng

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Abstract

To overcome the low nitrogen use efficiency (<40%) of conventional urea, this study utilizes the metal–organic framework MIL-100(Fe)—characterized by ultrahigh surface area and tunable mesoporosity—as a promising carrier for nano slow-release fertilizers with enhanced nutrient stability. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller measurements confirmed that urea was uniformly accommodated within the MOF channels in an amorphous, physically adsorbed state without chemical bonding. High-performance liquid chromatography revealed that loading capacity was primarily determined by the urea-to-MOF mass ratio, whereas loading temperature and duration had negligible effects, enabling precise synthesis control. Orthogonal optimization identified the optimal parameters (mass ratio 1:1, 110 °C, 7 h), yielding a urea loading of 59.2% and encapsulation efficiency of 51.8%. Release experiments demonstrated a 22.5-fold extension in release duration compared to pure urea, with 87.6% cumulative release over 180 h governed by Fickian diffusion. Furthermore, physical characterization and bench-scale metering tests verified the granules' mechanical adaptability, achieving stable, continuous discharge comparable to urea. This work validates MIL-100(Fe)@UREA as a high-capacity, mechanically viable platform for sustainable and precision nutrient delivery. These results not only highlight the potential of MIL-100(Fe) in advanced slow-release fertilizer systems but also provide valuable insights for designing efficient and environmentally sustainable nutrient delivery platforms.

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新型高负荷、高缓释性能MIL-100(Fe)@尿素纳米肥料的研究

为了克服传统尿素氮素利用率低（40%）的缺点，本研究利用具有超高表面积和介孔可调特性的金属有机骨架MIL-100（Fe）作为纳米缓释肥料的载体，提高了养分稳定性。傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析和brunauer - emmet - teller测量证实，尿素以无定形的物理吸附状态均匀地容纳在MOF通道中，没有化学键。高效液相色谱分析表明，负载能力主要由尿素与mof的质量比决定，而负载温度和持续时间的影响可以忽略不计，从而实现精确的合成控制。正交优化确定了最佳工艺参数（质量比为1:1，温度为110℃，时间为7 h），尿素负载为59.2%，包封率为51.8%。释放实验表明，与纯尿素相比，其释放时间延长22.5倍，在菲克扩散作用下，180 h内的累积释放量为87.6%。此外，物理表征和实验规模计量试验验证了颗粒的机械适应性，实现了与尿素相当的稳定、连续排放。这项工作验证了MIL-100(Fe)@尿素是一种高容量、机械上可行的平台，可以实现可持续和精确的养分输送。这些结果不仅突出了MIL-100（Fe）在先进缓释肥料系统中的潜力，而且为设计高效、环境可持续的养分输送平台提供了有价值的见解。

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来源期刊

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 化学-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

10.70

自引率

5.80%

发文量

649

审稿时长

26 days

期刊介绍： Microporous and Mesoporous Materials covers novel and significant aspects of porous solids classified as either microporous (pore size up to 2 nm) or mesoporous (pore size 2 to 50 nm). The porosity should have a specific impact on the material properties or application. Typical examples are zeolites and zeolite-like materials, pillared materials, clathrasils and clathrates, carbon molecular sieves, ordered mesoporous materials, organic/inorganic porous hybrid materials, or porous metal oxides. Both natural and synthetic porous materials are within the scope of the journal. Topics which are particularly of interest include: All aspects of natural microporous and mesoporous solids The synthesis of crystalline or amorphous porous materials The physico-chemical characterization of microporous and mesoporous solids, especially spectroscopic and microscopic The modification of microporous and mesoporous solids, for example by ion exchange or solid-state reactions All topics related to diffusion of mobile species in the pores of microporous and mesoporous materials Adsorption (and other separation techniques) using microporous or mesoporous adsorbents Catalysis by microporous and mesoporous materials Host/guest interactions Theoretical chemistry and modelling of host/guest interactions All topics related to the application of microporous and mesoporous materials in industrial catalysis, separation technology, environmental protection, electrochemistry, membranes, sensors, optical devices, etc.