Child sexual abuse and adult vaccination: Opposing patterns between routine and pandemic vaccines in a Nationwide survey

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine Pub Date : 2026-03-19 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128299

Yousuke Imanishi , Maria Iorini , Ichiro Wada , Sinchul Jwa , Takahiro Tabuchi , Mai Uchida

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is common and has long-term health consequences. Evidence remains limited regarding the association between CSA and adult vaccination, as well as potential effect modification by social capital and vaccine attitudes. We aimed to examine the association between childhood CSA and adult influenza and COVID 19 vaccination.

Methods

Participants were adults aged 18–79 years in the 2023 Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey (JACSIS). Cases with unnatural responses and existing conditions were excluded. We defined CSA as an exposure. The primary outcome was vaccination status for influenza and COVID-19 in the past year. We examined the association between CSA and outcomes using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) based on a propensity score derived from socioeconomic factors. We also assessed effect modification by individual behaviors, social capital and institutional trust, and vaccine attitudes.

Results

CSA was significantly associated with lower influenza vaccination (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74–0.86, p < 0.001), and was not with COVID-19 vaccination (aOR 1.05, 95%CI 0.97–1.14, p = 0.23). In stratified analyses, significant interactions were observed for COVID-19 vaccination with neighborhood networks (p for interaction 0.02) and vaccine attitudes (trust in vaccine efficacy p for interaction <0.001, anxiety about side effects p for interaction <0.001). In subgroups with weak neighborhood networks or low trust in vaccine efficacy, CSA was associated with higher COVID-19 vaccination than no CSA.No such interactions were observed for influenza vaccination.

Conclusion

CSA was associated with lower influenza vaccination rates, while COVID-19 vaccination did not differ overall by CSA status but showed heterogeneity by neighborhood network and vaccine attitudes. These findings highlight the need for trauma-informed vaccination strategies tailored to vaccine type, though further research is needed to evaluate their effectiveness.

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儿童性虐待和成人疫苗接种：在一项全国性调查中，常规疫苗和大流行性疫苗之间的对立模式

儿童性虐待（CSA）是常见的，并有长期的健康后果。关于CSA与成人疫苗接种之间的关系，以及社会资本和疫苗态度对潜在影响的改变，证据仍然有限。我们的目的是研究儿童CSA与成人流感和COVID - 19疫苗接种之间的关系。方法研究对象为2023年日本COVID-19和社会网络调查（JACSIS）中18-79岁的成年人。排除非自然反应和现有条件的病例。我们将CSA定义为暴露。主要结局指标是过去一年流感和COVID-19疫苗接种情况。我们使用基于社会经济因素的倾向得分的治疗加权逆概率（IPTW）来检验CSA与结果之间的关系。我们还评估了个体行为、社会资本和机构信任以及疫苗态度对效果的影响。结果scsa与低流感疫苗接种率显著相关（调整优势比[aOR] 0.80； 95%可信区间[CI] 0.74 ~ 0.86, p < 0.001），与新冠肺炎疫苗接种率无显著相关性（aOR 1.05, 95%CI 0.97 ~ 1.14, p = 0.23）。在分层分析中，观察到COVID-19疫苗接种与社区网络（相互作用p为0.02）和疫苗态度（对疫苗疗效的信任p为相互作用<；0.001，对副作用的焦虑p为相互作用<；0.001）之间存在显著的相互作用。在社区网络薄弱或对疫苗效力信任度较低的亚组中，CSA与未CSA的COVID-19疫苗接种率相关。在流感疫苗接种中没有观察到这种相互作用。结论CSA与较低的流感疫苗接种率相关，而COVID-19疫苗接种率总体上不因CSA状况而差异，但因社区网络和疫苗接种态度而存在异质性。这些发现强调需要针对疫苗类型制定创伤知情的疫苗接种策略，尽管需要进一步研究来评估其有效性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

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