Lycopene from tomatoes: A comparative review of extraction technologies

Food chemistry advances Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI:10.1016/j.focha.2026.101229

Luthfiyyah Mutmainah , Avika Widyapuspita , Sandya Amelia Febriliani , Zelika Mega Ramadhania

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Abstract

Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are widely extracted in both fresh and processed forms as a source of antioxidants from the carotenoid group. Lycopene is the most dominant carotenoid compound, accounting for 90 % of the total carotenoids in tomatoes. However, lycopene is thermolabile and begins to degrade rapidly at temperatures above 100 °C. Therefore, selecting an appropriate extraction method is crucial, as factors such as temperature, duration, and solvent type significantly influence the efficiency and recovery of lycopene. In this study, a comparison was made between conventional solvent extraction (Hot & Cold Solvent), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction, and supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO₂) extraction. The comparative analysis showed that DES solvents offer a more environmentally friendly and energy-efficient alternative at the laboratory scale, while SCCO₂ is the most viable technique for industrial-scale production due to its high yield, good product purity, and the use of safe and recyclable solvents.

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番茄红素提取技术的比较研究

番茄（Solanum lycopersicum L.）作为类胡萝卜素类抗氧化剂的来源，被广泛地以新鲜和加工的形式提取。番茄红素是最主要的类胡萝卜素化合物，占番茄中总类胡萝卜素的90%。然而，番茄红素是耐热性的，在100°C以上的温度下开始迅速降解。因此，选择合适的提取方法至关重要，因为温度、时间、溶剂类型等因素对番茄红素的提取效率和回收率有重要影响。在本研究中，比较了传统溶剂萃取（热&冷溶剂）、微波辅助萃取（MAE）、超声辅助萃取（UAE）、深共晶溶剂（DES）萃取和超临界二氧化碳（SCCO₂）萃取。对比分析表明，在实验室规模上，DES溶剂是一种更环保、更节能的替代方案，而SCCO₂因其产率高、产品纯度好、使用安全、可回收的溶剂而成为最可行的工业规模生产技术。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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