Non-diffracting Vector Tricomi beams

Abstract

A novel non-diffracting beam, ‘the Vector Tricomi beam’, is introduced as an exact solution to the vector Helmholtz wave equation. Its unique mathematical structure allows for its transformation into other vector beams, such as ordinary, off-axis, and asymmetric Bessel beams, by adjusting its intrinsic parameters. A detailed mathematical analysis of the beam’s intensity, polarization, singularities, and Stokes parameters is performed. The analysis reveals that the beam’s asymmetry significantly influences its intensity and polarization, creating unique polarization distributions with distinct spin angular momentum and singularity. Unlike scalar Tricomi beams, these vector beams are suitable for polarization multiplexing, enabling the generation of numerous beams with different parameters under the same mode number. A hybrid polarization-asymmetry multiplexing technique is discussed, highlighting the potential of these beams for advanced data storage and multiplexing applications.