Assessing the dynamic impacts of remote work in New York city

IF 8.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI:10.1016/j.trd.2026.105260

Songzi Zhou , Junbei Liu , Ying Zhang , Yilan Bu , Xingjun Huang , Chengxiang Zhuge

{"title":"Assessing the dynamic impacts of remote work in New York city","authors":"Songzi Zhou , Junbei Liu , Ying Zhang , Yilan Bu , Xingjun Huang , Chengxiang Zhuge","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2026.105260","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Working from Home (WFH) has stabilized above pre-pandemic levels, yet its long-term and multidimensional impacts remain unclear. This study explored different WFH arrangements within urban dynamics. Three scenarios in New York City—fully on-site, fully flexible, and structured hybrid—were designed to evaluate the long-term systematic impacts of WFH on population, economy, and environment from 2020 to 2035. An agent-based land use and transport interaction model incorporating a WFH module (i.e., SelfSim-WFH) was developed to capture the feedback of individuals’ WFH decisions and other associated urban elements. Results suggest that: (1) WFH induces a “donut effect,” with decentralization of residence and employment leading to longer home-work distance; (2) housing market growth slows, with rents responding more sensitively, while office rent declines; and (3) environmental gains from reduced commuting are partially offset by longer home-work distance and modal shifts, causing rebound effects in emissions and energy use under certain scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 105260"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7000,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920926000532","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/2/11 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Working from Home (WFH) has stabilized above pre-pandemic levels, yet its long-term and multidimensional impacts remain unclear. This study explored different WFH arrangements within urban dynamics. Three scenarios in New York City—fully on-site, fully flexible, and structured hybrid—were designed to evaluate the long-term systematic impacts of WFH on population, economy, and environment from 2020 to 2035. An agent-based land use and transport interaction model incorporating a WFH module (i.e., SelfSim-WFH) was developed to capture the feedback of individuals’ WFH decisions and other associated urban elements. Results suggest that: (1) WFH induces a “donut effect,” with decentralization of residence and employment leading to longer home-work distance; (2) housing market growth slows, with rents responding more sensitively, while office rent declines; and (3) environmental gains from reduced commuting are partially offset by longer home-work distance and modal shifts, causing rebound effects in emissions and energy use under certain scenarios.

查看原文本刊更多论文

评估纽约市远程工作的动态影响

在家工作（WFH）已稳定在大流行前的水平之上，但其长期和多方面影响仍不清楚。本研究探讨了城市动态中的不同WFH安排。以纽约市为例，设计了三种情景，分别为全现场情景、全灵活情景和结构化混合情景，以评估2020年至2035年WFH对人口、经济和环境的长期系统性影响。我们开发了一个基于代理的土地使用和交通互动模型，该模型包含了一个城市交通服务模块（即SelfSim-WFH），以获取个人的城市交通服务决策和其他相关城市要素的反馈。研究结果表明：(1)家庭工作距离存在“甜甜圈效应”，居住和就业分散化导致家庭工作距离延长；(2)住房市场增长放缓，租金反应更为敏感，写字楼租金下降；(3)通勤减少带来的环境收益部分被更长的家庭和工作距离和模式转变所抵消，在某些情景下造成排放和能源使用的反弹效应。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment 工程技术-运输科技

CiteScore

14.40

自引率

9.20%

发文量

314

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment focuses on original research exploring the environmental impacts of transportation, policy responses to these impacts, and their implications for transportation system design, planning, and management. The journal comprehensively covers the interaction between transportation and the environment, ranging from local effects on specific geographical areas to global implications such as natural resource depletion and atmospheric pollution. We welcome research papers across all transportation modes, including maritime, air, and land transportation, assessing their environmental impacts broadly. Papers addressing both mobile aspects and transportation infrastructure are considered. The journal prioritizes empirical findings and policy responses of regulatory, planning, technical, or fiscal nature. Articles are policy-driven, accessible, and applicable to readers from diverse disciplines, emphasizing relevance and practicality. We encourage interdisciplinary submissions and welcome contributions from economically developing and advanced countries alike, reflecting our international orientation.