Untargeted Metabolomic and Lipidomic Profiles of Gingival Crevicular Fluid in the Context of Periodontitis

IF 6.8 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Clinical Periodontology Pub Date : 2026-04-16 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI:10.1111/jcpe.70105

Caroline H. Henderzahs, Chiaki Yamada, Alexandr Morozov, Thelmalane Yalartai, Vanchit John, Hawra AlQallaf, Alexandru Movila

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Abstract

Aim(s)

This cross-sectional clinical study aimed to explore the untargeted metabolomic and lipidomic profiles in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) obtained from healthy individuals and patients with periodontitis.

Materials and Methods

GCF was collected from 17 periodontally healthy and 19 periodontitis patients. For the unbiased characterisation of positively and negatively charged polar metabolite and lipid compounds, we employed hydrophilic interaction and reversed-phase liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry platforms, followed by a semisupervised deep learning-based approach for metabolomic peak curation and data analysis.

Results

A total of 256 metabolites were identified with Metabolomics Standards Initiative (MSI) confidence Levels 1–3, including 198 elevated and 58 diminished compounds in periodontal lesions (q < 0.05, |log₂-transformed Fold Change (FC)| > 1). Periodontitis samples exhibited a significant positive accumulation of purine degradation and ceramide metabolites, along with a negative regulation of oxy fatty acids metabolism. Additionally, we observed a significant increase in established periodontitis biomarkers, including N-acetylneuraminic acid, citrulline and 2-pyrrolidineacetic acid. The study also characterised distinct differences in bacterial and fungal metabolite profiles between the healthy and diseased samples.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that untargeted metabolomic screening of GCF may significantly improve our understanding of biochemical changes between healthy tissue and periodontitis. This knowledge is pivotal for the development of a precision paradigm in periodontitis.

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牙周炎背景下牙龈沟液的非靶向代谢组学和脂质组学特征。

目的：本横断面临床研究旨在探讨健康个体和牙周炎患者牙龈沟液（GCF）的非靶向代谢组学和脂质组学特征。材料与方法：收集17例牙周健康患者和19例牙周炎患者的GCF。为了不偏不倚地表征带正电和负电的极性代谢物和脂质化合物，我们采用了亲水性相互作用和反相液相色谱/质谱分析平台，然后采用半监督的深度学习方法进行代谢组学峰管理和数据分析。结果：根据代谢组学标准倡议（MSI）的置信水平1-3，共鉴定出256种代谢物，包括牙周病变中198种升高的化合物和58种减少的化合物（q - 2转化的Fold Change (FC)| > 1）。牙周炎样品表现出嘌呤降解和神经酰胺代谢物的显著正积累，以及氧脂肪酸代谢的负调节。此外，我们观察到已有的牙周炎生物标志物显著增加，包括n -乙酰神经氨酸、瓜氨酸和2-吡咯烷乙酸。该研究还描述了健康和患病样本之间细菌和真菌代谢物谱的明显差异。结论：这些发现表明，非靶向GCF代谢组学筛查可以显著提高我们对健康组织与牙周炎之间生化变化的认识。这一知识对于牙周炎的精确范式的发展至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Clinical Periodontology 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

13.30

自引率

10.40%

发文量

175

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Clinical Periodontology was founded by the British, Dutch, French, German, Scandinavian, and Swiss Societies of Periodontology. The aim of the Journal of Clinical Periodontology is to provide the platform for exchange of scientific and clinical progress in the field of Periodontology and allied disciplines, and to do so at the highest possible level. The Journal also aims to facilitate the application of new scientific knowledge to the daily practice of the concerned disciplines and addresses both practicing clinicians and academics. The Journal is the official publication of the European Federation of Periodontology but wishes to retain its international scope. The Journal publishes original contributions of high scientific merit in the fields of periodontology and implant dentistry. Its scope encompasses the physiology and pathology of the periodontium, the tissue integration of dental implants, the biology and the modulation of periodontal and alveolar bone healing and regeneration, diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention and therapy of periodontal disease, the clinical aspects of tooth replacement with dental implants, and the comprehensive rehabilitation of the periodontal patient. Review articles by experts on new developments in basic and applied periodontal science and associated dental disciplines, advances in periodontal or implant techniques and procedures, and case reports which illustrate important new information are also welcome.