Seismic vulnerability assessment and performance improvement of the historical Mehmet Arif Pasha Mansion using optimized tuned mass dampers

Abstract

This study examines the effectiveness of tuned mass dampers (TMDs) as a non-intrusive seismic mitigation strategy for a historical masonry structure within a performance-based assessment framework. The novelty of the study lies in the systematic, code-consistent evaluation of both classical Den Hartog–tuned and optimally parameterized TMDs for masonry structures under multiple seismic hazard levels (DD-1, DD-2, and DD-3), with explicit consideration of mass-ratio sensitivity. Linear time-history and nonlinear analyses are performed for TMD mass ratios of 3 %, 5 %, 10 %, and 20 %. The results indicate consistent reductions in relative floor displacement rates and collapse indicators across all earthquake levels. At the DD-3 earthquake level, collapse rate reductions of up to 50 % are observed for mass ratios between 3 % and 10 %, increasing to approximately 60–68 % for a 20 % mass ratio. Time-history analyses show that the most efficient displacement reduction occurs at a 5 % mass ratio, with decreases of 0.33 % in the x-direction and 1.20 % in the y-direction, while higher mass ratios provide diminishing additional benefits. Nonlinear analyses further confirm reductions in relative floor displacement rates of 0.20–0.34 %, particularly on the second normal floor. The findings demonstrate that performance-based optimization enables an effective and balanced application of passive vibration control for historical masonry structures.