Severe eosinophilic ulcerative dermatitis in a domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

IF 0.6 4区农林科学 Q4 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI:10.1053/j.jepm.2025.12.003

Maricela Mejia Dorantes , Guillaume St-Jean , Isabelle Langlois

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Abstract

Background

Eosinophilic dermatitis can occur in most species and is usually associated with underlying hypersensitivity (such as allergies) or infection (parasite, bacteria, fungus). Cutaneous eosinophilic lesions are infrequently reported in rabbits.

Case description

A 4-year-old spayed female domestic lionhead rabbit was initially presented for a rounded, alopecic and intensively pruritic skin lesion in the ventral neck region. Over the course of several months, the rabbit developed other lesions over the left shoulder and neck area. Histopathologic analysis confirmed a diagnosis of severe eosinophilic ulcerative dermatitis. Skin scrapings, fungal culture, complete blood count, plasma biochemical analysis, whole body radiographs, and fecal flotation were unremarkable. Secondary bacterial dermatitis developed on 1 occasion in association with a ventral neck lesion, which was successfully treated with antibiotics. The initial treatment plan consisted of short courses of oral prednisolone along with hydroxyzine. The lesions were reported to recur shortly after discontinuation of prednisolone. Maintenance protocol using oral cyclosporine (5–7 mg/kg q 24 hour) and amitriptyline (5 mg/rabbit q 24 hour) combination adequately controlled the lesions for 23 months.

Conclusions and case relevance

Ulcerative eosinophilic dermatitis should be included in the differential diagnosis of ulcerative skin lesions in rabbits. The present case provides clinical insights regarding the treatment of ulcerative eosinophilic dermatitis in a pet rabbit

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家兔严重嗜酸性溃疡性皮炎1例

嗜酸性粒细胞性皮炎可发生在大多数物种中，通常与潜在的超敏反应（如过敏）或感染（寄生虫、细菌、真菌）有关。皮肤嗜酸性粒细胞病变在家兔中很少报道。病例描述：一只4岁的雌性家狮头兔，最初因颈部腹部出现圆形、脱发和强烈瘙痒的皮肤病变而就诊。在几个月的过程中，兔子在左肩和颈部出现了其他病变。组织病理学分析证实诊断为严重嗜酸性溃疡性皮炎。皮肤刮擦、真菌培养、全血细胞计数、血浆生化分析、全身x线片和粪便浮选无显著差异。继发性细菌性皮炎1次发展与腹侧颈部病变，这是成功地用抗生素治疗。最初的治疗方案包括口服强的松龙和羟嗪的短期疗程。据报道，病变复发后不久停止泼尼松龙。维持方案采用口服环孢素（5 - 7mg /kg q 24小时）和阿米替林（5mg /kg q 24小时）联合用药，可有效控制病变23个月。结论：兔溃疡性皮肤病变的鉴别诊断应包括溃疡性嗜酸性皮炎。本病例提供临床见解关于治疗溃疡性嗜酸性皮炎在宠物兔

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来源期刊

Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

1.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine provides clinicians with a convenient, comprehensive, "must have" resource to enhance and elevate their expertise with exotic pet medicine. Each issue contains wide ranging peer-reviewed articles that cover many of the current and novel topics important to clinicians caring for exotic pets. Diagnostic challenges, consensus articles and selected review articles are also included to help keep veterinarians up to date on issues affecting their practice. In addition, the Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine serves as the official publication of both the Association of Exotic Mammal Veterinarians (AEMV) and the European Association of Avian Veterinarians (EAAV). The Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine is the most complete resource for practitioners who treat exotic pets.