{"title":"New Light on Bruno Rossi’s 1933 Cosmic-Ray Expedition to the Then-Italian Colony of Eritrea","authors":"Luca Campagnoni, Giulio Peruzzi, Sofia Talas","doi":"10.1007/s00016-025-00340-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The recent discovery of new documentation concerning Bruno Benedetto Rossi’s life and career provides new information about Italian and European cosmic-ray physics during the 1930s. The present article analyses part of this new material, focusing on documents that allow a thorough reconstruction of Rossi’s scientific expedition to Eritrea, which was a colony of fascist Italy at the time. We examine Rossi’s scientific practices step-by-step and highlight the institutional and political endeavors that allowed the expedition to take place. Discussing the fascist-colonial context of the expedition provides a key tool to understand the facts reported completely. We also consider the interesting yet forgotten scientific collaboration Rossi had on that occasion with Arthur H. Compton.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":727,"journal":{"name":"Physics in Perspective","volume":"27 4","pages":"403 - 445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00016-025-00340-1.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physics in Perspective","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00016-025-00340-1","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The recent discovery of new documentation concerning Bruno Benedetto Rossi’s life and career provides new information about Italian and European cosmic-ray physics during the 1930s. The present article analyses part of this new material, focusing on documents that allow a thorough reconstruction of Rossi’s scientific expedition to Eritrea, which was a colony of fascist Italy at the time. We examine Rossi’s scientific practices step-by-step and highlight the institutional and political endeavors that allowed the expedition to take place. Discussing the fascist-colonial context of the expedition provides a key tool to understand the facts reported completely. We also consider the interesting yet forgotten scientific collaboration Rossi had on that occasion with Arthur H. Compton.
最近发现的关于布鲁诺·贝内代托·罗西的生活和事业的新文件提供了关于20世纪30年代意大利和欧洲宇宙射线物理学的新信息。本文分析了这些新材料的一部分，重点放在了一些文件上，这些文件允许彻底重建罗西对厄立特里亚的科学考察，厄立特里亚当时是法西斯意大利的殖民地。我们一步一步地考察了罗西的科学实践，并强调了使这次探险得以进行的制度和政治努力。讨论这次远征的法西斯殖民背景为全面理解所报道的事实提供了一个关键工具。我们还考虑到罗西与阿瑟·h·康普顿（Arthur H. Compton）在那次场合进行的有趣而又被遗忘的科学合作。
期刊介绍：
Physics in Perspective seeks to bridge the gulf between physicists and non-physicists through historical and philosophical studies that typically display the unpredictable as well as the cross-disciplinary interplay of observation, experiment, and theory that has occurred over extended periods of time in academic, governmental, and industrial settings and in allied disciplines such as astrophysics, chemical physics, and geophysics. The journal also publishes first-person accounts by physicists of significant contributions they have made, biographical articles, book reviews, and guided tours of historical sites in cities throughout the world. It strives to make all articles understandable to a broad spectrum of readers – scientists, teachers, students, and the public at large. Bibliographic Data Phys. Perspect. 1 volume per year, 4 issues per volume approx. 500 pages per volume Format: 15.5 x 23.5cm ISSN 1422-6944 (print) ISSN 1422-6960 (electronic)
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