Oral Frailty and Physical Frailty Associated With Sleep Quality in Community-Dwelling Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of oral rehabilitation Pub Date : 2026-04-06 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI:10.1111/joor.70152

Pei-Chen Lin, Ai-Hua Chang, Shin-Ru Liao, Koichiro Matsuo, Yuji Kabasawa, Ju-Hui Wu, Pei-Chao Lin, Hsiao-Ling Huang

{"title":"Oral Frailty and Physical Frailty Associated With Sleep Quality in Community-Dwelling Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Pei-Chen Lin, Ai-Hua Chang, Shin-Ru Liao, Koichiro Matsuo, Yuji Kabasawa, Ju-Hui Wu, Pei-Chao Lin, Hsiao-Ling Huang","doi":"10.1111/joor.70152","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>Oral frailty and physical frailty are linked to adverse health outcomes in older adults, but their relationship with sleep quality is not well understood. This study examined the association between oral frailty and sleep quality, and the combined effects of oral and physical frailty on sleep in community-dwelling older adults.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan (2018–2019), including 1180 adults aged ≥ 65 years selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and dental exams. Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Oral frailty was assessed using indicators such as oral diadochokinesis, swallowing difficulty, masticatory performance, dry mouth, tongue coating, and number of natural teeth. Oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) was evaluated with the GOHAI. Logistic regression identified factors associated with poor sleep quality.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Swallowing difficulty (AOR = 2.69) and dry mouth (AOR = 2.06) were significantly linked to poor sleep quality. A dose–response relationship was observed across stages of swallowing difficulty, with both suspected and confirmed cases reporting significantly poorer sleep quality compared to individuals without swallowing issues (p for trend < 0.001). Higher OHRQoL scores were linked to better sleep quality (AOR = 0.97). Additionally, the combined presence of oral frailty and physical frailty was significantly associated with poor sleep quality (AOR = 2.71).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>Oral and physical frailty are significantly associated with sleep quality in older adults. Interventions targeting swallowing difficulty, dry mouth, and physical frailty may improve sleep quality in this population.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"53 5","pages":"999-1008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053614/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/joor.70152","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/1/24 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Oral frailty and physical frailty are linked to adverse health outcomes in older adults, but their relationship with sleep quality is not well understood. This study examined the association between oral frailty and sleep quality, and the combined effects of oral and physical frailty on sleep in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan (2018–2019), including 1180 adults aged ≥ 65 years selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and dental exams. Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Oral frailty was assessed using indicators such as oral diadochokinesis, swallowing difficulty, masticatory performance, dry mouth, tongue coating, and number of natural teeth. Oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) was evaluated with the GOHAI. Logistic regression identified factors associated with poor sleep quality.

Results

Swallowing difficulty (AOR = 2.69) and dry mouth (AOR = 2.06) were significantly linked to poor sleep quality. A dose–response relationship was observed across stages of swallowing difficulty, with both suspected and confirmed cases reporting significantly poorer sleep quality compared to individuals without swallowing issues (p for trend < 0.001). Higher OHRQoL scores were linked to better sleep quality (AOR = 0.97). Additionally, the combined presence of oral frailty and physical frailty was significantly associated with poor sleep quality (AOR = 2.71).

Conclusion

Oral and physical frailty are significantly associated with sleep quality in older adults. Interventions targeting swallowing difficulty, dry mouth, and physical frailty may improve sleep quality in this population.

查看原文本刊更多论文

在社区居住的成年人中，口腔虚弱和身体虚弱与睡眠质量相关：一项横断面研究。

背景：口腔虚弱和身体虚弱与老年人的不良健康结果有关，但它们与睡眠质量的关系尚不清楚。本研究考察了居住在社区的老年人口腔虚弱和睡眠质量之间的关系，以及口腔和身体虚弱对睡眠的综合影响。方法：采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法，在台湾高雄市（2018-2019）选取1180名年龄≥65岁的成年人进行横断面研究。通过问卷调查和牙科检查收集数据。睡眠质量由匹兹堡睡眠质量指数来衡量。采用口腔运动、吞咽困难、咀嚼表现、口干、舌苔和天然牙数等指标评估口腔脆弱程度。采用GOHAI评估口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）。逻辑回归确定了与睡眠质量差相关的因素。结果：吞咽困难（AOR = 2.69）和口干（AOR = 2.06）与睡眠质量差显著相关。在吞咽困难的各个阶段都观察到剂量反应关系，与没有吞咽问题的个体相比，疑似病例和确诊病例都报告了明显较差的睡眠质量（p为趋势）。结论：口腔和身体虚弱与老年人的睡眠质量显著相关。针对吞咽困难、口干和身体虚弱的干预措施可能会改善这一人群的睡眠质量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of oral rehabilitation 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

10.30%

发文量

116

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Oral Rehabilitation aims to be the most prestigious journal of dental research within all aspects of oral rehabilitation and applied oral physiology. It covers all diagnostic and clinical management aspects necessary to re-establish a subjective and objective harmonious oral function. Oral rehabilitation may become necessary as a result of developmental or acquired disturbances in the orofacial region, orofacial traumas, or a variety of dental and oral diseases (primarily dental caries and periodontal diseases) and orofacial pain conditions. As such, oral rehabilitation in the twenty-first century is a matter of skilful diagnosis and minimal, appropriate intervention, the nature of which is intimately linked to a profound knowledge of oral physiology, oral biology, and dental and oral pathology. The scientific content of the journal therefore strives to reflect the best of evidence-based clinical dentistry. Modern clinical management should be based on solid scientific evidence gathered about diagnostic procedures and the properties and efficacy of the chosen intervention (e.g. material science, biological, toxicological, pharmacological or psychological aspects). The content of the journal also reflects documentation of the possible side-effects of rehabilitation, and includes prognostic perspectives of the treatment modalities chosen.