All-cause and cause-specific mortality in atopic dermatitis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 4 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI:10.1080/1744666X.2026.2618271

Yi Yang, Qin Zhang, Jinpeng Zhao, Anning Huang, Jianren Yang, Lulu Wang, Yuan Zeng, Guomei Xu

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Abstract

Introduction: This meta-analysis evaluates the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library (from inception to April 2025) was conducted for cohort studies comparing mortality risks in AD patients versus controls, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Two reviewers screened studies, extracted data, and assessed quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using random-effects models in Stata 14.0, with sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses, and publication bias assessments.

Results: Nine cohort studies were included. AD patients had significantly increased risks of all-cause mortality [HR = 1.222, 95% CI (1.117-1.336)], as well as mortality due to infectious diseases [HR = 1.606, CI (1.087-2.372)], cancer [HR = 1.129, CI (1.015-1.256)], respiratory diseases [HR = 1.381, CI (1.044-1.825)], and gastrointestinal diseases [HR = 1.658, CI (1.002-2.743)]. Subgroup analyses revealed a higher risk of all-cause mortality in prospective studies compared to retrospective studies, with significantly higher risks in studies from Europe and Asia.

Conclusions: AD is associated with an elevated risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality, underscoring the need for improved monitoring and targeted interventions. Future research should incorporate more diverse populations and study designs.

Prospero identifier: CRD420251038553.

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特应性皮炎患者的全因和病因特异性死亡率：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析。

本荟萃分析评估了特应性皮炎（AD）患者的全因和特异性死亡风险。方法：根据PRISMA指南，系统检索PubMed、EMBASE和Cochrane图书馆（从成立到2025年4月），进行队列研究，比较AD患者与对照组的死亡风险。两位审稿人筛选研究，提取数据，并使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估质量。使用Stata 14.0中的随机效应模型计算风险比（hr），并进行敏感性分析、亚组分析和发表偏倚评估。结果：纳入了9项队列研究。AD患者的全因死亡率[HR = 1.222, 95% CI(1.117 ~ 1.336)]、感染性疾病死亡率[HR = 1.606， CI(1.087 ~ 2.372)]、癌症死亡率[HR = 1.129， CI(1.015 ~ 1.256)]、呼吸系统疾病死亡率[HR = 1.381， CI(1.044 ~ 1.825)]、胃肠道疾病死亡率[HR = 1.658， CI(1.002 ~ 2.743)]均显著增加。亚组分析显示，与回顾性研究相比，前瞻性研究的全因死亡率风险更高，欧洲和亚洲的研究风险明显更高。结论：阿尔茨海默病与全因和病因特异性死亡风险升高有关，强调需要改进监测和有针对性的干预措施。未来的研究应纳入更多样化的人群和研究设计。普洛斯彼罗标识符：CRD420251038553。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology IMMUNOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

2.30%

发文量

221

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Expert Review of Clinical Immunology (ISSN 1744-666X) provides expert analysis and commentary regarding the performance of new therapeutic and diagnostic modalities in clinical immunology. Members of the International Editorial Advisory Panel of Expert Review of Clinical Immunology are the forefront of their area of expertise. This panel works with our dedicated editorial team to identify the most important and topical review themes and the corresponding expert(s) most appropriate to provide commentary and analysis. All articles are subject to rigorous peer-review, and the finished reviews provide an essential contribution to decision-making in clinical immunology. Articles focus on the following key areas: • Therapeutic overviews of specific immunologic disorders highlighting optimal therapy and prospects for new medicines • Performance and benefits of newly approved therapeutic agents • New diagnostic approaches • Screening and patient stratification • Pharmacoeconomic studies • New therapeutic indications for existing therapies • Adverse effects, occurrence and reduction • Prospects for medicines in late-stage trials approaching regulatory approval • Novel treatment strategies • Epidemiological studies • Commentary and comparison of treatment guidelines Topics include infection and immunity, inflammation, host defense mechanisms, congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies, anaphylaxis and allergy, systemic immune diseases, organ-specific inflammatory diseases, transplantation immunology, endocrinology and diabetes, cancer immunology, neuroimmunology and hematological diseases.