The Onset, Course and Co-Occurrence of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders Over a 9-Year Period in the General Population

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI:10.1002/mpr.70054

Margreet Ten Have, Marlous Tuithof, Premysl Velek, Saskia Van Dorsselaer, Simone Korteling, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Annemarie I. Luik

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Abstract

Objectives

Longitudinal studies that visualise individual trajectories of depressive and/or anxiety disorders can inform prevention and treatment strategies.

Methods

Participants of the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS) were assessed at four timepoints from 2007–2009 to 2016–2018 (N = 6646 at baseline). DSM-IV disorders were assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Onset and course trajectories were visualised with Sankey diagrams and summarised in incidence, remission, recurrence, and persistency rates, considering presence of any depressive or anxiety disorder as outcome.

Results

Among those without a lifetime depressive or anxiety disorder at baseline, 13% developed a depressive and/or anxiety disorder over 9 years, with higher rates in women and younger adults. Recurrence rates over 9 years were 28% for depressive, 26% for anxiety, and 38% for comorbid disorders. For those with a current disorder at baseline, recurrence (including persistence) was 33%, 31%, and 51%, respectively. Course trajectories were similar across sexes but less favourable for younger adults with a disorder history.

Conclusions

Between 31% and 51% of persons with a current depressive and/or anxiety disorder do not remit over 9 years. This highlights the need for long-term treatment strategies, including ongoing monitoring, management, and relapse prevention.

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普通人群9年抑郁和焦虑障碍的发病、病程和共发

目的：纵向研究可视化抑郁和/或焦虑障碍的个体轨迹，可以为预防和治疗策略提供信息。方法：在2007-2009年至2016-2018年的四个时间点对荷兰心理健康调查和发病率研究（NEMESIS）的参与者进行评估（基线N = 6646）。DSM-IV障碍采用复合国际诊断访谈进行评估。用Sankey图可视化发病和病程轨迹，并总结发病率、缓解率、复发率和持续率，考虑到存在任何抑郁或焦虑障碍作为结果。结果：在基线时没有终生抑郁或焦虑障碍的人群中，13%的人在9年内发展为抑郁和/或焦虑障碍，女性和年轻人的比例更高。9年以上的复发率抑郁症为28%，焦虑症为26%，合并症为38%。对于基线时患有当前疾病的患者，复发率（包括持续性）分别为33%、31%和51%。病程轨迹在两性之间相似，但对有疾病史的年轻人不太有利。结论：31%至51%的抑郁和/或焦虑障碍患者在9年内没有缓解。这突出了长期治疗策略的必要性，包括持续监测、管理和复发预防。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

6.50%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research (MPR) publishes high-standard original research of a technical, methodological, experimental and clinical nature, contributing to the theory, methodology, practice and evaluation of mental and behavioural disorders. The journal targets in particular detailed methodological and design papers from major national and international multicentre studies. There is a close working relationship with the US National Institute of Mental Health, the World Health Organisation (WHO) Diagnostic Instruments Committees, as well as several other European and international organisations. MPR aims to publish rapidly articles of highest methodological quality in such areas as epidemiology, biostatistics, generics, psychopharmacology, psychology and the neurosciences. Articles informing about innovative and critical methodological, statistical and clinical issues, including nosology, can be submitted as regular papers and brief reports. Reviews are only occasionally accepted. MPR seeks to monitor, discuss, influence and improve the standards of mental health and behavioral neuroscience research by providing a platform for rapid publication of outstanding contributions. As a quarterly journal MPR is a major source of information and ideas and is an important medium for students, clinicians and researchers in psychiatry, clinical psychology, epidemiology and the allied disciplines in the mental health field.