Effects of school-based physical activity interventions on cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis using the RE-AIM framework

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Public Health Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI:10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106141

Huihui Wang , Xiaotian Bai , Xiangrong Cheng , Xiaosheng Dong , Xiao Hou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to (1) assess the effects of school-based physical activity (PA) interventions on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body composition in children and adolescents, and (2) evaluate internal validity (i.e., Reach and Effectiveness) and external validity (i.e., Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) reported in the included studies using the RE-AIM framework.

Study design

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

Five databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library) were searched for studies published from January 1, 2000, to July 10, 2024. Eligible studies were randomized or non-randomized controlled trials involving healthy children and adolescents aged 5–17 years. Only studies that reported CRF or body composition with PA or exercise as the sole intervention were included.

Results

43 studies with a total of 27,626 participants were included in the meta-analysis. School-based PA interventions had a significant positive effect on CRF (SMD = 0.28, 95 % CI = 0.19 to 0.38; I² = 75 %). However, no significant effect of school-based PA interventions on percentage of body fat (%BF) was observed (SMD = −0.05, 95 % CI = −0.10 to 0.00; I² = 28 %). The total proportion of RE-AIM framework reported was 48.1 %. Among the five dimensions, Effectiveness is the most frequently reported (72.7 %), followed by Reach (53.1 %), Adoption (52.3 %), Implementation (42.4 %), and Maintenance (4.7 %).

Conclusions

School-based PA interventions significantly improve CRF in youth but do not significantly reduce %BF. Moreover, internal validity indicators were reported more often than external validity components in the included studies.

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基于学校的体育活动干预对儿童和青少年心肺健康和身体成分的影响：使用RE-AIM框架的系统回顾和荟萃分析

目的：本系统回顾和荟萃分析旨在(1)评估以学校为基础的体育活动（PA）干预对儿童和青少年心肺健康（CRF）和身体成分的影响，以及(2)使用RE-AIM框架评估纳入研究的内部效度（即覆盖范围和有效性）和外部效度（即采用，实施和维持）。研究设计：系统评价和荟萃分析。方法：检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、EBSCO和Cochrane Library 5个数据库，检索2000年1月1日至2024年7月10日发表的研究。符合条件的研究是涉及5-17岁健康儿童和青少年的随机或非随机对照试验。仅纳入了报告CRF或体成分与PA或运动作为唯一干预的研究。结果：43项研究共27,626名参与者被纳入meta分析。以学校为基础的PA干预对CRF有显著的正向影响（SMD = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.19 ~ 0.38; I2 = 75%）。然而，没有观察到以学校为基础的PA干预对体脂率（%BF）的显著影响（SMD = -0.05, 95% CI = -0.10至0.00;I2 = 28%）。RE-AIM框架报告的总比例为48.1%。在五个维度中，有效性是最常被报告的（72.7%），其次是Reach（53.1%）、Adoption（52.3%）、Implementation（42.4%）和Maintenance（4.7%）。结论：以学校为基础的PA干预可显著改善青少年的CRF，但不能显著降低BF %。此外，在纳入的研究中，内部效度指标的报告频率高于外部效度成分。

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来源期刊

Public Health 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

280

审稿时长

37 days

期刊介绍： Public Health is an international, multidisciplinary peer-reviewed journal. It publishes original papers, reviews and short reports on all aspects of the science, philosophy, and practice of public health.