Association between sarcopenia index based on the serum creatinine to cystatin C ratio and cancer incidence in middle-aged and older adults in China: A nationwide cohort study

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2025.113084

Pincheng Luo M.B., B.Ch., B.A.O. , Shanshan Cai Ph.D. , Huanlin Zhou B.S. , Junhui Zhu M.Ed. , Yule Yang M.Ed. , Yanxue Lian Ph.D.

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

To examine the association between a novel sarcopenia index and cancer incidence among Chinese adults aged ≥45 y.

Methods

Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The sarcopenia index was calculated as the ratio of serum creatinine (mg/L) to serum cystatin C (mg/L), multiplied by 100. Incident cancer was identified through self-reported physician diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association between the sarcopenia index and cancer risk, evaluated both continuously and by tertiles. Dose–response and linearity were assessed using restricted cubic spline regression and likelihood ratio tests, respectively.

Results

A total of 10 446 participants (median age, 59 y) were included. During a median follow-up of 8.92 y, 248 participants developed cancer. The sarcopenia index was linearly associated with cancer risk. Each 1.0–SD increase in the index was associated with a 2% reduction in cancer risk. Compared with the lowest tertile (T1), adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were 0.97 (95% CI, 0.73–1.29; P = 0.83) for T2 and 0.58 (95% CI, 0.41–0.83; P < 0.01) for T3 (P for trend < 0.01). Using T3 as the reference, HRs were 1.67 (95% CI, 1.18–2.36; P < 0.01) for T2 and 1.72 (95% CI, 1.21–2.46; P < 0.01) for T1 (P for trend < 0.01).

Conclusions

A significant inverse association was observed between the sarcopenia index and incident cancer risk in middle-aged and older adults, highlighting the potential role of skeletal muscle health in cancer prevention.

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基于血清肌酐与胱抑素C比值的肌少症指数与中国中老年人癌症发病率的关系：一项全国性队列研究

目的探讨中国≥45岁成人中新型肌肉减少症指数与癌症发病率的关系。方法数据来源于中国健康与退休纵向研究。肌少症指数计算为血清肌酐（mg/L）与血清胱抑素C （mg/L）之比乘以100。偶发性癌症是通过自我报告的医生诊断来确定的。Cox比例风险模型用于估计肌肉减少症指数与癌症风险之间的关系，采用连续评估和按位数评估两种方法。剂量-响应和线性分别采用限制三次样条回归和似然比检验进行评估。结果共纳入10446例受试者，中位年龄59岁。在平均8.92年的随访期间，248名参与者患上了癌症。肌肉减少指数与癌症风险呈线性相关。该指数每增加1.0个标准差，癌症风险就会降低2%。与最低分位数（T1）相比，T2的校正风险比（hr）为0.97 (95% CI, 0.73-1.29; P = 0.83)， T3的校正风险比（hr）为0.58 (95% CI, 0.41-0.83; P < 0.01) （P为趋势值<； 0.01）。以T3为参照，T2的hr为1.67 (95% CI, 1.18-2.36; P < 0.01)， T1的hr为1.72 (95% CI, 1.21-2.46; P < 0.01) （P为趋势；lt; 0.01）。结论中老年人骨骼肌减少指数与癌症发生风险呈显著负相关，提示骨骼肌健康在预防癌症中的潜在作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

2.30%

发文量

300

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： Nutrition has an open access mirror journal Nutrition: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. Founded by Michael M. Meguid in the early 1980''s, Nutrition presents advances in nutrition research and science, informs its readers on new and advancing technologies and data in clinical nutrition practice, encourages the application of outcomes research and meta-analyses to problems in patient-related nutrition; and seeks to help clarify and set the research, policy and practice agenda for nutrition science to enhance human well-being in the years ahead.