Pneumonie d’inhalation : synthèse pratique et perspectives à la lumière des recommandations 2025

IF 1 4区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Revue De Medecine Interne Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI:10.1016/j.revmed.2025.12.005

Léa Vieilledent, Alain Putot, Adrien Barraud, Virginie Prendki, Thibaut Fraisse

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Abstract

Aspiration pneumonia is a specific respiratory infection. It is frequent and severe, and represents a pressing issue given the growing ageing population. For the first time, French guidelines clarify how to manage this infection. We therefore wanted to present a revised review on this topic. The main aim is to highlight strategic elements based on pathophysiology. Diagnosis is based on clinical and radiological criteria; however, the aspiration event remains difficult to define. Biological tests are still important for follow-up and evaluating the impact of the disease on different organ systems. Microbiological examinations should not be performed systematically, but only under specific conditions. Antibiotherapy is based on simple principles: amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is the first-line treatment, administered orally wherever possible, and metronidazole should not be used. A careful analysis of the context and risk factors is essential for effective prevention. This is a multimodal and multidisciplinary approach involving rehabilitation, nutritional care and oral hygiene.

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[吸入性肺炎：根据2025年法国指南的实际综合和观点]。

吸入性肺炎是一种特殊的呼吸道感染。它是频繁和严重的，是一个紧迫的问题，因为人口老龄化日益严重。法国的指导方针首次阐明了如何管理这种感染。因此，我们希望就这一主题提出一份修订后的审查报告。主要目的是强调基于病理生理学的策略要素。诊断依据临床和放射学标准；然而，渴望事件仍然难以定义。生物学检测对于随访和评估疾病对不同器官系统的影响仍然很重要。微生物学检查不应系统地进行，而应在特定条件下进行。抗生素治疗基于简单的原则：阿莫西林-克拉维酸是一线治疗，尽可能口服，不应使用甲硝唑。仔细分析背景和风险因素对于有效预防至关重要。这是一种涉及康复、营养保健和口腔卫生的多模式和多学科方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Revue De Medecine Interne 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

0.70

自引率

11.10%

发文量

526

审稿时长

37 days

期刊介绍： Official journal of the SNFMI, La revue de medecine interne is indexed in the most prestigious databases. It is the most efficient French language journal available for internal medicine specialists who want to expand their knowledge and skills beyond their own discipline. It is also the main French language international medium for French research works. The journal publishes each month editorials, original articles, review articles, short communications, etc. These articles address the fundamental and innumerable facets of internal medicine, spanning all medical specialties. Manuscripts may be submitted in French or in English. La revue de medecine interne also includes additional issues publishing the proceedings of the two annual French meetings of internal medicine (June and December), as well as thematic issues.