Adherence and Effect on Allergy Medication Use in Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis Patients Treated With House Dust Mite Allergen Immunotherapy—A Nationwide Cohort Study

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q2 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Clinical Otolaryngology Pub Date : 2026-04-05 Epub Date: 2026-01-04 DOI:10.1111/coa.70083

Morten Borg, Ole Hilberg, Rikke Ibsen, Anders Løkke

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

House dust mite (HDM) allergy significantly impacts quality of life. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT), specifically sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), is an effective treatment for HDM allergy, but adherence to SLIT remains a challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of adherence to SLIT on the use of allergy medications, including antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids, and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in a real-world setting.

Methods

We conducted a nationwide cohort study using data from Denmark's comprehensive registries. Patients who initiated HDM SLIT between 2015 and 2020 were included, with follow-up through 2022. Adherent patients, defined as those obtaining at least 80% of the prescribed Defined Daily Dose (DDD) of SLIT, were compared to non-adherent patients. Medication use was tracked for antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids, and ICS. Statistical analyses, including Probit and generalised linear models, assessed the likelihood of obtaining medications and the quantity dispensed, adjusted for age and sex.

Results

Of 950 patients, 456 (48%) were classified as adherent. Adherent patients showed significantly reduced usage of antihistamines (p < 0.001) and nasal corticosteroids (p < 0.001) compared to non-adherent patients. No significant differences were found in ICS use or dosage. Additionally, adherent patients were more likely to have higher education levels and be married or cohabiting.

Conclusion

Adherence to SLIT for HDM allergy is associated with reduced use of antihistamines and nasal corticosteroids. These findings emphasise the importance of SLIT adherence in managing HDM allergy and suggest that improving adherence could further reduce medication usage, improving patient outcomes in real-world settings.

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屋尘螨过敏原免疫疗法治疗变应性鼻结膜炎患者的依从性及其对过敏药物使用的影响——一项全国队列研究

简介：屋尘螨（HDM）过敏显著影响生活质量。过敏原免疫疗法（AIT），特别是舌下免疫疗法（SLIT），是一种有效的治疗HDM过敏，但SLIT的依从性仍然是一个挑战。本研究旨在评估在现实环境中遵守SLIT对过敏药物使用的影响，包括抗组胺药、鼻用皮质类固醇和吸入皮质类固醇（ICS）。方法：我们使用丹麦综合登记处的数据进行了一项全国性队列研究。纳入了2015年至2020年期间启动HDM SLIT的患者，随访至2022年。将依从性患者（定义为获得至少80%的SLIT规定日剂量（DDD）的患者）与非依从性患者进行比较。药物使用情况包括抗组胺药、鼻用皮质类固醇和ICS。包括Probit和广义线性模型在内的统计分析评估了获得药物的可能性和分配的数量，并根据年龄和性别进行了调整。结果：在950例患者中，456例（48%）被分类为粘附。坚持治疗的患者抗组胺药的使用明显减少(p)。结论：坚持SLIT治疗HDM过敏与抗组胺药和鼻皮质类固醇的使用减少有关。这些发现强调了SLIT依从性在治疗HDM过敏中的重要性，并表明提高依从性可以进一步减少药物使用，改善患者在现实环境中的预后。

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来源期刊

Clinical Otolaryngology 医学-耳鼻喉科学

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

4.80%

发文量

106

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical Otolaryngology is a bimonthly journal devoted to clinically-oriented research papers of the highest scientific standards dealing with: current otorhinolaryngological practice audiology, otology, balance, rhinology, larynx, voice and paediatric ORL head and neck oncology head and neck plastic and reconstructive surgery continuing medical education and ORL training The emphasis is on high quality new work in the clinical field and on fresh, original research. Each issue begins with an editorial expressing the personal opinions of an individual with a particular knowledge of a chosen subject. The main body of each issue is then devoted to original papers carrying important results for those working in the field. In addition, topical review articles are published discussing a particular subject in depth, including not only the opinions of the author but also any controversies surrounding the subject. • Negative/null results In order for research to advance, negative results, which often make a valuable contribution to the field, should be published. However, articles containing negative or null results are frequently not considered for publication or rejected by journals. We welcome papers of this kind, where appropriate and valid power calculations are included that give confidence that a negative result can be relied upon.