The impact of the open IP strategies on technology development: Evidence from the low emission vehicles field

IF 2.4 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE

World Patent Information Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-02 DOI:10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102425

Xiaoyu Zhang, Jing Shi, Lele Kang

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Abstract

Can open IP strategies promote innovation among competitors, thereby advancing the development of the technology field? This empirical question has remained a central topic of debate in the open innovation literature. To address this question, this study examines how open IP strategies adopted by leading firms affect technological advancement. The patent pledges by Tesla and Toyota serve as exogenous shocks, enabling an empirical analysis of the impact of open IP strategies on technological development in the Low Emission Vehicles (LEVs) industry. We utilized Difference-in-Differences (DID) models analyzing patent data from 2010 to 2019 to measure the effects on technological performance across firms. Our results indicate that open IP strategies significantly enhance technological output, including quantity, quality, and novelty, especially benefiting start-ups, and to a lesser extent, firms with rich knowledge bases. This study contributes to understanding the role of open innovation in fostering technological competition.

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开放知识产权战略对技术发展的影响：来自低排放汽车领域的证据

开放的知识产权战略能否促进竞争对手之间的创新，从而推动技术领域的发展？这一实证问题一直是开放式创新文献中争论的中心话题。为了解决这个问题，本研究考察了领先企业采用的开放知识产权战略如何影响技术进步。特斯拉和丰田的专利质押作为外生冲击，可以实证分析开放知识产权战略对低排放汽车（LEVs）行业技术发展的影响。我们利用差分中的差分（DID）模型分析了2010年至2019年的专利数据，以衡量专利对企业技术绩效的影响。研究结果表明，开放知识产权战略显著提高了技术产出（包括数量、质量和新颖性），尤其有利于初创企业，而知识基础丰富的企业则受益较少。本研究有助于理解开放式创新在促进技术竞争中的作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

World Patent Information INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE-

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

18.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： The aim of World Patent Information is to provide a worldwide forum for the exchange of information between people working professionally in the field of Industrial Property information and documentation and to promote the widest possible use of the associated literature. Regular features include: papers concerned with all aspects of Industrial Property information and documentation; new regulations pertinent to Industrial Property information and documentation; short reports on relevant meetings and conferences; bibliographies, together with book and literature reviews.