Determinantes funcionales del riesgo de caídas en adultos mayores. Circunferencia de pantorrilla y velocidad de marcha

Q4 Health Professions

Fisioterapia Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI:10.1016/j.ft.2025.10.004

L.J. Caichihua Marca, R.N. Pizarro Andrade, Y. Enriquez Canto

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Abstract

Background and objectives

Falls represent a growing public health issue amid an ageing population, particularly in countries like Peru, where older adults face multiple risk factors associated with loss of functionality. This study evaluates the factors associated with fall risk in older adults, determining the mediating role of calf circumference and gait speed in the relationship between age and fall risk.

Methods

This cross-sectional study involved 80 older adults from the Comprehensive Centre for Older Adults in Carabayllo, Lima, Peru. Fall risk was assessed using the Tinetti scale, gait speed was measured with a 4-metre test, and calf circumference was assessed using a tape measure. Descriptive analyses, correlation, multiple linear regression, and mediation analysis were applied to estimate coefficients and their 95% confidence intervals.

Results

In the linear regression analysis, gait speed (β = -0.42, p < 0.001) and calf circumference (β = -0.381, p < 0.001) were inversely associated with fall risk. Mediation analysis indicated that calf circumference explained 88.3% and gait speed 63.6% of the indirect effect of age on fall risk.

Conclusions

Age significantly influences fall risk, mediated by functional parameters such as calf circumference and gait speed, highlighting the importance of preventive interventions targeting these modifiable factors.

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老年人跌倒风险的功能决定因素。小腿圈和行走速度

背景和目标在人口老龄化的背景下，跌倒是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题，特别是在秘鲁等国家，老年人面临着与功能丧失相关的多种风险因素。本研究评估了与老年人跌倒风险相关的因素，确定了小腿围和步态速度在年龄和跌倒风险之间的关系中的中介作用。方法：这项横断面研究涉及来自秘鲁利马卡拉巴约老年人综合中心的80名老年人。使用Tinetti量表评估跌倒风险，使用4米测试测量步态速度，使用卷尺评估小腿围。采用描述性分析、相关分析、多元线性回归和中介分析来估计系数及其95%置信区间。结果在线性回归分析中，步态速度（β = -0.42, p < 0.001）和小腿围（β = -0.381, p < 0.001）与跌倒风险呈负相关。中介分析表明，年龄对跌倒风险的间接影响中，小腿围和步态速度分别解释了88.3%和63.6%。结论sage显著影响跌倒风险，由小腿围和步态速度等功能参数介导，强调针对这些可改变因素进行预防干预的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Fisioterapia Health Professions-Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation

CiteScore

0.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Publicación Oficial de la Sociedad Española de Fisioterapeutas. Sus páginas ofrecen desde artículos originales hasta revisiones, pasando por el estudio de casos o los actos más importantes relacionados con la especialidad.