Potential Eye Disorders in People With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Exposed to GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: An Examination of the FAERS (FDA Adverse Event Reporting System) Database

IF 4.7 1区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

American Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-20 DOI:10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.015

Mya Murray , Fabrizio Schifano , Stefania Chiappini , John Martin Corkery , Amira Guirguis

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose

As use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) for Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and weight management increases, emerging research identifies various adverse drug reactions. This study aimed to expand this research base, focusing on eye disorders in people with and without T2DM, a novel consideration.

Design

A retrospective clinical cohort disproportionality analysis of reports made to the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods

FAERS was queried regarding selected GLP-1RAs. Python 3.11 was adopted to develop a program, quantifying reported cases between January 2017 - September 2025 (January 2022-September 2025 for tirzepatide) meeting the criteria for cases with and without T2DM. Main outcome measures Reporting Odds Ratios (RORs) >4.000 and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, with metformin and orlistat as controls.

Results

Compared to metformin, semaglutide showed increased reporting of optic ischemic neuropathy (ROR: 12.269 [0.915-1.967]), cataract (ROR: 31.879 [2.463-4.461]) and retinopathy (ROR: 5.185 [0.556-2.736]) in T2DM patients, and retinopathy (ROR: 9.424 [1.081-3.406]) and retinal hemorrhage (ROR: 10.253 [0.319-4.336]) in non-T2DM patients. Tirzepatide showed increased reporting of optic ischemic neuropathy (ROR: 4.619 [0.726-2.335]) and macular degeneration (ROR: 15.579 [0.554-4.938]) in T2DM patients and eye swelling (ROR: 6.475 [0.407-3.329]) in non-T2DM patients. Liraglutide showed increased reporting of cataract (ROR: 53.866 [2.945-5.028]), diabetic retinopathy (ROR: 18.162 [1.753-4.045]) and macular degeneration (ROR: 26.261 [1.076-5.460]) in T2DM patients and cataract (ROR: 9.628 [1.387-3.142]) and macular degeneration (ROR: 9.557 [0.110-4.405]) in non-T2DM patients.

Conclusions

These results provide a signal of increased reporting of various eye disorders with GLP-1RA use compared to metformin across T2DM and non-T2DM patient cases. Further research is required to support these findings and confirm a biological causation.

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暴露于GLP-1受体激动剂的2型糖尿病患者和非2型糖尿病患者的潜在眼病FAERS （FDA不良事件报告系统）数据库的检查

随着胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂（GLP-1RAs）用于2型糖尿病（T2DM）和体重管理的增加，新研究发现了各种药物不良反应。本研究旨在扩大这一研究基础，重点关注T2DM患者和非T2DM患者的眼部疾病，这是一个新的考虑。设计对提交给美国食品和药物管理局不良事件报告系统（FAERS）的报告进行回顾性临床队列歧化分析。方法对选定的GLP-1RAs进行faers查询。采用Python 3.11开发程序，量化2017年1月至2025年9月（替西帕肽为2022年1月至2025年9月）符合T2DM和非T2DM标准的报告病例。以二甲双胍和奥利司他为对照，计算报告优势比（RORs） >； 000和95%置信区间。结果与二甲双胍相比，西马鲁肽在T2DM患者中视神经缺血性病变（ROR: 12.269[0.915-1.967]）、白内障（ROR: 31.879[2.463-4.461]）和视网膜病变（ROR: 5.185[0.556-2.736]）的报告增加，在非T2DM患者中视网膜病变（ROR: 9.424[1.081-3.406]）和视网膜出血（ROR: 10.253[0.319-4.336]）的报告增加。替西帕肽显示T2DM患者视神经缺血性病变（ROR: 4.619[0.726-2.335]）和黄斑变性（ROR: 15.579[0.554-4.938]）报告增加，非T2DM患者眼肿胀（ROR: 6.475[0.407-3.329]）报告增加。利拉鲁肽显示T2DM患者中白内障（ROR: 53.866[2.945-5.028]）、糖尿病视网膜病变（ROR: 18.162[1.753-4.045]）和黄斑变性（ROR: 26.261[1.076-5.460]）的报告增加，非T2DM患者中白内障（ROR: 9.628[1.387-3.142]）和黄斑变性（ROR: 9.557[0.110-4.405]）的报告增加。这些结果提供了一个信号，与二甲双胍相比，在T2DM和非T2DM患者中，GLP-1RA的使用增加了各种眼病的报告。需要进一步的研究来支持这些发现并确认生物学上的原因。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Ophthalmology 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

7.10%

发文量

406

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Ophthalmology is a peer-reviewed, scientific publication that welcomes the submission of original, previously unpublished manuscripts directed to ophthalmologists and visual science specialists describing clinical investigations, clinical observations, and clinically relevant laboratory investigations. Published monthly since 1884, the full text of the American Journal of Ophthalmology and supplementary material are also presented online at www.AJO.com and on ScienceDirect. The American Journal of Ophthalmology publishes Full-Length Articles, Perspectives, Editorials, Correspondences, Books Reports and Announcements. Brief Reports and Case Reports are no longer published. We recommend submitting Brief Reports and Case Reports to our companion publication, the American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports. Manuscripts are accepted with the understanding that they have not been and will not be published elsewhere substantially in any format, and that there are no ethical problems with the content or data collection. Authors may be requested to produce the data upon which the manuscript is based and to answer expeditiously any questions about the manuscript or its authors.