Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis-Associated Deaths - United States, 2020-2023.

Abstract

Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is a preventable, progressive occupational lung disease caused by inhaling respirable coal mine dust, a complex mixture commonly containing coal, crystalline silica, and other silicate minerals. Early pneumoconiosis can be asymptomatic, but advanced disease often leads to disability and premature death. To describe CWP-associated mortality among U.S. residents aged ≥15 years by industry and occupation, CDC conducted an exploratory analysis of National Vital Statistics System multiple cause-of-death data for 2020-2023, the most recent years that include information on decedents' usual industry and occupation. During 2020-2023, CWP was listed on the death certificate of 1,754 decedents (age-adjusted CWP-associated death rate = 1.3 per 1 million). By industry group, the highest number of CWP-associated deaths occurred among workers in the mining industry (1,255). The highest proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs) were among persons employed in the mining industry (PMR = 50.0) and the construction and extraction occupations (6.2). Among workers employed in the mining industry, the highest PMR was among underground mining machine operators (164.6). The continuing occurrence of CWP-associated deaths underscores the potential value of a comprehensive prevention program (maintaining efforts to control occupational coal mine dust exposures, combined with early disease detection efforts and medical care) and supports potential benefits of ongoing surveillance.