What lies beneath the ice? How gadolinium affects Cyclops abyssorum during Alpine winters

IF 4.6 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI:10.1016/j.etap.2025.104912

Alice Gabetti , Camilla Mossotto , Francesca Provenza , Serena Anselmi , Alessandra Maganza , Giuseppe Esposito , Maria Vittoria Riina , Alessandra Griglione , Stefania Squadrone , Monia Renzi , Antonia Concetta Elia , Marino Prearo , Paolo Pastorino

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The increasing anthropogenic release of gadolinium (Gd) from medical contrast agents raises concern regarding its fate and ecotoxicological effects in freshwater ecosystems. Gd may reach alpine lakes through atmospheric deposition, entering environments already fragile due to extreme conditions. This study examined the sublethal effects of Gd on the alpine copepod Cyclops abyssorum under simulated winter conditions (4 °C, darkness). Organisms were exposed for 14 days to 1–150 µg/L Gd, and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured. Glutathione peroxidase activity increased with concentration, while malondialdehyde indicated lipid peroxidation. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase showed non-linear responses, suggesting physiological thresholds or enzyme inhibition. The Threshold-based Integrative Biomarker Response (IBR-T) index revealed progressively higher stress at intermediate and high exposures. Overall, the results indicate that Gd can induce oxidative stress in cold-adapted zooplankton, emphasizing the importance of assessing contaminant risks in alpine lakes using non-model species and realistic exposure scenarios.

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冰下是什么？钆对高山冬季独眼巨眼的影响。

越来越多的人为释放的钆（Gd）从医疗造影剂引起关注其命运和生态毒理学影响的淡水生态系统。Gd可能通过大气沉积到达高山湖泊，进入由于极端条件而已经脆弱的环境。本研究研究了Gd在模拟冬季条件（4°C，黑暗）下对高山桡足动物Cyclops abyssorum的亚致死效应。将生物体暴露于1-150µg/L Gd中14天，并测量氧化应激生物标志物。谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性随浓度升高而升高，丙二醛表明脂质过氧化。超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽s -转移酶呈非线性反应，提示生理阈值或酶抑制。基于阈值的综合生物标志物反应（IBR-T）指数显示，在中等和高暴露下，压力逐渐增加。总体而言，研究结果表明Gd可诱导冷适应浮游动物氧化应激，强调了利用非模式物种和现实暴露情景评估高寒湖泊污染物风险的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

4.70%

发文量

185

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology publishes the results of studies concerning toxic and pharmacological effects of (human and veterinary) drugs and of environmental contaminants in animals and man. Areas of special interest are: molecular mechanisms of toxicity, biotransformation and toxicokinetics (including toxicokinetic modelling), molecular, biochemical and physiological mechanisms explaining differences in sensitivity between species and individuals, the characterisation of pathophysiological models and mechanisms involved in the development of effects and the identification of biological markers that can be used to study exposure and effects in man and animals. In addition to full length papers, short communications, full-length reviews and mini-reviews, Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology will publish in depth assessments of special problem areas. The latter publications may exceed the length of a full length paper three to fourfold. A basic requirement is that the assessments are made under the auspices of international groups of leading experts in the fields concerned. The information examined may either consist of data that were already published, or of new data that were obtained within the framework of collaborative research programmes. Provision is also made for the acceptance of minireviews on (classes of) compounds, toxicities or mechanisms, debating recent advances in rapidly developing fields that fall within the scope of the journal.