Recycling agricultural waste through organic formulations enhances crop growth, crop productivity, and soil health in triple crop system

Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI:10.1016/j.clcb.2025.100196

Kamal Garg , Shiva Dhar , Dilip Kumar , V.K. Sharma , Marthala Bhuvaneswar Reddy , Gaurendra Gupta , Balendu Shekhar Giri , Mohammad Hashim , Mahendra Vikram Singh Rajawat , Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal , Mukesh Kumar Awasthi , Elisa Azura Azman , Sanjeev Kumar

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Abstract

Recycling agricultural residues into organic formulations offers a sustainable strategy to reduce reliance on limited farmyard manure (FYM) resources and improve soil and crop performance. Anchored in the principles of sustainable nutrient recycling and agroecological intensification, present study evaluated effects of organic formulations prepared from agro-waste such as paddy husk ash (PHA) and potato peel compost (PPC) on crop growth, productivity, and soil health in triple crop rotation system.

A two-year field experiment (2020–22) was executed at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, using a randomized block design with seven nutrient management treatments. Crop growth, yields, soil health indicators, soil physical, chemical and biological properties were assessed.

Among treatments, T₄ (applied with 100% Recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through a PHA-based formulation) consistently achieved the highest yields: baby corn (7.42–7.53 t ha^-1), kabuli gram (2.16–2.21 t ha^-1), and cowpea (6.83–6.95 t ha^-1), followed by T₆ (100% RDN via a potato peel compost (PPC)-based formulation) and T₂ (100% RDN through FYM). Soil under T₄ showed substantial improvements in NH₄⁺-N (11.3–13.3 mg kg^-1) and NO₃^--N (20.6–21.9 mg kg^-1), representing 68–91% and 111–144% increases over the control. Enzymatic activities, including dehydrogenase (39–41%) and alkaline phosphatase (33–37%), were also significantly enhanced. Additionally, microbial populations and microbial biomass carbon (239 mg kg^-1) increased by 20–36% and 25%, respectively, compared with the control (T₁).

PHA- and PPC-based formulations demonstrated strong potential as effective substitutes for FYM alone, improving crop growth, yields, and enhancing soil health. Their use can promote sustainable nutrient recycling and soil health in regions with limited availability of conventional organic inputs.

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通过有机配方循环利用农业废弃物可促进作物生长、作物生产力和三季制土壤健康

将农业残留物回收为有机配方提供了一种可持续的战略，以减少对有限的农家肥资源的依赖，并改善土壤和作物性能。本研究以养分可持续循环和农业生态集约化原则为基础，评价了稻壳灰（PHA）和马铃薯皮堆肥（PPC）等农业废弃物对三轮轮作下作物生长、生产力和土壤健康的影响。在新德里ICAR-IARI进行了为期两年的田间试验（2020 - 2022），采用随机区组设计，采用7种营养管理处理。对作物生长、产量、土壤健康指标、土壤物理、化学和生物特性进行了评价。在所有处理中，T4（以100%推荐施氮量（RDN）为基础的配方）的产量始终最高：玉米（7.42-7.53 t ha-1）、kabuli克（2.16-2.21 t ha-1）和豇豆（6.83-6.95 t ha-1），其次是T6（100%推荐施氮量通过马铃薯皮堆肥（PPC）配方）和T2（100%推荐施氮量通过FYM）。T4处理土壤NH4+-N （11.3 ~ 13.3 mg kg-1）和NO3—N （20.6 ~ 21.9 mg kg-1）较对照分别提高了68 ~ 91%和111 ~ 144%。酶活性，包括脱氢酶（39-41%）和碱性磷酸酶（33-37%）也显著提高。与对照（T1）相比，微生物数量和微生物生物量碳（239 mg kg-1）分别增加了20-36%和25%。以PHA和ppc为基础的配方显示出强大的潜力，可以作为单独的FYM的有效替代品，改善作物生长、产量和增强土壤健康。在常规有机投入有限的地区，它们的使用可以促进可持续的养分循环和土壤健康。

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来源期刊

Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

0.00%

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