Changes in households' vulnerability to food insecurity in Canada before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

IF 3.3 2区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Reports Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI:10.25318/82-003-x202501200001-eng

Andrée-Anne Fafard St-Germain, Timmie Li, Valerie Tarasuk

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of household food insecurity in the 10 provinces rose from 16.8% in 2019 to 18.4% in 2022 and 22.9% in 2023. This study examines whether and how the sociodemographic and economic patterning of households' vulnerability to food insecurity changed across these years.

Data and methods: Using data from the master files for households in the 10 provinces from the 2018, 2021, and 2022 cycles of the Canadian Income Survey, year-specific logistic regression models were conducted to estimate the predicted probability of household food insecurity by sociodemographic and economic characteristics. The predicted probability of food insecurity was also charted in relation to household income from the prior tax year, expressed in 2022 constant dollars and adjusted for household size, for each survey year.

Results: The probability of food insecurity increased significantly for most households, irrespective of the sociodemographic or economic characteristics considered. In 2019 and 2022, households receiving 50% or more of their income from employment or self-employment had a lower probability of food insecurity than those with a smaller proportion of their income from employment, but there was no difference between these groups in 2023. The probability of food insecurity was significantly higher in 2022 than 2019 at all household income levels above $20,000 and higher along the entire household income continuum in 2023 than 2022.

Interpretation: The probability of food insecurity is highest for low-income households, but food insecurity is becoming more prevalent among moderate- and higher-income households, and reliance on employment income is no longer protective against food insecurity.

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2019冠状病毒病大流行前后加拿大家庭对粮食不安全脆弱性的变化

背景：10个省份的家庭粮食不安全发生率从2019年的16.8%上升到2022年的18.4%和2023年的22.9%。本研究考察了这些年来家庭易受粮食不安全影响的社会人口和经济模式是否发生了变化，以及如何发生变化。数据与方法：利用加拿大收入调查2018年、2021年和2022年三个周期中10个省份家庭的主档案数据，采用特定年份的logistic回归模型，根据社会人口统计学和经济特征估计家庭粮食不安全的预测概率。预测的粮食不安全概率也与每个调查年度的前一个纳税年度的家庭收入有关，以2022年不变美元表示，并根据家庭规模进行调整。结果：无论考虑到社会人口或经济特征，大多数家庭粮食不安全的可能性都显著增加。2019年和2022年，就业或自营职业收入占其收入50%或以上的家庭，其粮食不安全的可能性低于就业收入占其收入比例较小的家庭，但到2023年，这两个群体之间没有差异。在所有家庭收入水平高于2万美元的情况下，2022年粮食不安全的可能性明显高于2019年，而在整个家庭收入连续体中，2023年的粮食不安全概率高于2022年。解释：低收入家庭发生粮食不安全的可能性最高，但粮食不安全在中等收入和高收入家庭中越来越普遍，依赖就业收入不再是防止粮食不安全的保障。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Health Reports PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

4.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Health Reports publishes original research on diverse topics related to understanding and improving the health of populations and the delivery of health care. We publish studies based on analyses of Canadian national/provincial representative surveys or Canadian national/provincial administrative databases, as well as results of international comparative health research. Health Reports encourages the sharing of methodological information among those engaged in the analysis of health surveys or administrative databases. Use of the most current data available is advised for all submissions.