[Clinical and functional justification of immediate loading of implants based on microhemodynamics and oxygenation data in the alveolar ridge mucosa].

Abstract

Objective: Evaluation of the effectiveness of one-stage dental implantation and temporary prosthetics based on microhemodynamics and oxygenation data in the mucous membrane of the alveolar ridge.

Material and methods: A clinical and functional study was conducted after simultaneous dental implantation and temporary prosthetics in 80 patients. Depending on the temporary orthopedic structure used (removable/non-removable), patients are divided into 2 groups of 40 people each. The microcirculation index (M, perfect units), characterizing the level of tissue blood flow, was determined; the parameter "σ" (perfect units), determining the intensity of blood flow; the bypass index (PS, standard units), the index of perfusion oxygen saturation (Sm, %) and the index of specific oxygen consumption (U, %).

Results: The analysis of LDF results in group I showed that 3 days after the surgery, the blood flow level (M) and its intensity (σ) increased by 85% and 106%, respectively, and 104% and 88%, which indicated the development of hyperemia in the microcirculatory bed, which was stopped after 2 months in subgroup A and 3 months in subgroup B. In the second group, the dynamics of tissue blood flow 3 days after the surgery was similar, but microcirculation indicators were restored after 4 and 6 months. According to optical tissue oximetry (OTO) in the first group, 3 days after the surgery, the oxygenation indicator increased by 11% and 13% (subgroup A) and 6% and 18% (subgroup B), which indicated the development of tissue hyperemia, which was stopped after 2 months and 3 months after the surgery, respectively. In group 2 (subgroups A and B), oxygenation indicators were restored after 4 and 6 months, respectively.

Conclusions: After one-stage dental implantation and temporary prosthetics, microhemodynamics and oxygenation in the mucous membrane of the alveolar ridge were restored after 2 and 3 months, in group I, in group II the recovery periods were 4 and 6 months.