Barriers to communication about complementary and alternative medicine between oncology patients and healthcare professionals in Croatia: a cross-sectional study.

Abstract

Purpose: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is increasingly integrated into oncology care, yet significant communication gaps persist between patients and healthcare professionals concerning its use. This study aimed to identify the barriers that hinder the exchange of information between oncology patients and healthcare professionals.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2022 to May 2023. The sample consisted of 832 respondents, comprising 411 oncology patients and 421 healthcare professionals, including 100 physicians and 321 nurses. Data was collected using a survey questionnaire based on modified CAM Health Belief Questionnaire and Integrative Medicine Attitude Questionnaire instruments. Descriptive and inferential statistics methods were applied, including one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test to identify differences among groups.

Results: Only 23.5% of respondents reported discussing or planning to discuss CAM with a healthcare professional. Primary communication barriers included a lack of initiative from healthcare professionals (70.2%), perceived insufficient knowledge about CAM (37%), and patients' fear of adverse effects from medical staff (15.1%). Statistically significant differences in attitudes were identified between patients and healthcare professionals regarding information sources, trust in CAM, and willingness to discuss the topic (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The findings underscore the need to improve healthcare professionals' education on alternative medicine and promote open communication with patients. Integrating CAM into medical education and development guidelines for its incorporation into clinical practice could enhance patient awareness and safety.