Examining the Impact of Residential Fire Sprinklers on e-Scooter Fires Initiated by Thermal Runaway of Li-Ion Batteries

IF 2.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Fire Technology Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI:10.1007/s10694-025-01808-9

Daniel Madrzykowski, Charles Fleischmann, Craig Weinschenk

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Lithium-ion battery (LiB) powered devices are in use every day and function as designed, however there have been reports of fatal fires involving LiB powered micro-mobility vehicles from around the globe. When a LiB fails and starts a fire, it is typically the result of the battery suffering thermal runaway. Failure of LIBs in micro-mobility vehicles has been shown to create a rapidly growing ignition source that is capable of igniting nearby combustible materials within the room of origin and forcing the room to flashover in less than a minute. The impact of such rapid-fire growth has been reported in the media around the world. This type of rapid-fire growth is almost unprecedented in residential buildings and calls into question: can residential sprinklers control such a rapidly developing fire? This study investigates the impact of such rapid-fire growth in a residential building with both full-scale bedroom and living room fires started from the thermal runaway of a LiB in a sit-on e-scooter. Results from this study quantify the impact of residential sprinklers and clearly show the effectiveness of residential fire sprinklers on fires resulting from thermal runaway of sit-on e-scooters.

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住宅消防喷头对锂离子电池热失控引发电动踏板车火灾的影响研究

锂离子电池（LiB）驱动的设备每天都在使用，并且按设计功能运行，然而，全球各地都有关于锂离子电池驱动的微型移动车辆发生致命火灾的报道。当锂电池发生故障并起火时，通常是电池热失控的结果。在微型机动车辆中，lib的故障已被证明会产生快速增长的点火源，该点火源能够点燃起始房间内附近的可燃材料，并迫使房间在不到一分钟的时间内闪络。世界各地的媒体都报道了这种快速增长的影响。这种快速增长的火灾在住宅建筑中几乎是前所未有的，这引发了一个问题：住宅洒水系统能否控制如此迅速发展的火灾？本研究调查了这种快速火灾增长对住宅楼的影响，该住宅楼的卧室和起居室都是由坐式电动滑板车上的LiB热失控引起的。本研究的结果量化了住宅洒水装置的影响，并清楚地表明住宅洒水装置对坐式电动滑板车热失控引起的火灾的有效性。

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来源期刊

Fire Technology 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

14.70%

发文量

137

审稿时长

7.5 months

期刊介绍： Fire Technology publishes original contributions, both theoretical and empirical, that contribute to the solution of problems in fire safety science and engineering. It is the leading journal in the field, publishing applied research dealing with the full range of actual and potential fire hazards facing humans and the environment. It covers the entire domain of fire safety science and engineering problems relevant in industrial, operational, cultural, and environmental applications, including modeling, testing, detection, suppression, human behavior, wildfires, structures, and risk analysis. The aim of Fire Technology is to push forward the frontiers of knowledge and technology by encouraging interdisciplinary communication of significant technical developments in fire protection and subjects of scientific interest to the fire protection community at large. It is published in conjunction with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and the Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE). The mission of NFPA is to help save lives and reduce loss with information, knowledge, and passion. The mission of SFPE is advancing the science and practice of fire protection engineering internationally.