{"title":"Multimode LD-pumped bismuth-doped fiber lasers and amplifiers (Invited)","authors":"S.V. Alyshev , A.M. Khegai , A.A. Umnikov , S.V. Firstov","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104503","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reviews the development of the continuous wave (CW) lasers and optical amplifiers operating in a wavelength range of 1300–1700 nm based on bismuth-doped fibers pumped by high-power multimode semiconductor laser diodes (LDs). Here, we consider general principles and peculiarities of operation of such gain media in terms of energy-level configuration of bismuth active centers with optical transitions in near-IR and the resulting spectroscopic properties. This review is focused primarily on the latest results regarding the state-of-the-art advances in the power scalability of the cladding-pumped Bi-doped fiber lasers and amplifiers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104503"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optical Fiber Technology","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1068520025003785","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/11/30 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This paper reviews the development of the continuous wave (CW) lasers and optical amplifiers operating in a wavelength range of 1300–1700 nm based on bismuth-doped fibers pumped by high-power multimode semiconductor laser diodes (LDs). Here, we consider general principles and peculiarities of operation of such gain media in terms of energy-level configuration of bismuth active centers with optical transitions in near-IR and the resulting spectroscopic properties. This review is focused primarily on the latest results regarding the state-of-the-art advances in the power scalability of the cladding-pumped Bi-doped fiber lasers and amplifiers.
期刊介绍:
Innovations in optical fiber technology are revolutionizing world communications. Newly developed fiber amplifiers allow for direct transmission of high-speed signals over transcontinental distances without the need for electronic regeneration. Optical fibers find new applications in data processing. The impact of fiber materials, devices, and systems on communications in the coming decades will create an abundance of primary literature and the need for up-to-date reviews.
Optical Fiber Technology: Materials, Devices, and Systems is a new cutting-edge journal designed to fill a need in this rapidly evolving field for speedy publication of regular length papers. Both theoretical and experimental papers on fiber materials, devices, and system performance evaluation and measurements are eligible, with emphasis on practical applications.