Advancements of immunoassay technology based on nanobodies

IF 14.1 1区工程技术 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biotechnology advances Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-06 DOI:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2025.108776

Jiayun Fu , Xiaoqian Tang , Du Wang , Qi Zhang , Jinsheng Duan , Peiwu Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Nanobodies (Nbs), the single-domain antigen-binding fragments, have emerged as promising biorecognition elements for immunoassays due to their small size, high stability, strong affinity, and ease of engineering. This review comprehensively summarizes recent advances in Nb-based immunoassay technologies, highlighting their advantages in immunoassay such as phage-displayed Nbs, Nb-reporter fusions, toxin-free substitutes using anti-idiotypic Nbs, reusable immunoaffinity ligands, bispecific Nbs for multi-target detection, and multivalent Nbs to enhance binding avidity. The review further discusses their applications in food safety, clinical diagnostics, and environmental monitoring, highlighting their impact across these fields. Key challenges such as the limited number of available Nbs, low expression levels, and commercialization bottlenecks are discussed, along with emerging solutions like synthetic libraries and computer-aided design. This review aims to provide insights into the development trends and application potential of Nb-based immunoassays, promoting their future advancement in analytical and diagnostic.

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基于纳米体的免疫分析技术进展

纳米体（Nbs）是一种单结构域抗原结合片段，由于其体积小、稳定性高、亲和力强和易于工程设计，已成为免疫检测中有前途的生物识别元件。本文综述了基于nb的免疫分析技术的最新进展，重点介绍了它们在免疫分析中的优势，如噬菌体显示的Nbs、nb报告基因融合、使用抗独特型Nbs的无毒素替代品、可重复使用的免疫亲和配体、用于多靶点检测的双特异性Nbs以及增强结合亲和度的多价Nbs。本文进一步讨论了它们在食品安全、临床诊断和环境监测方面的应用，强调了它们在这些领域的影响。讨论了可用Nbs数量有限、低表达水平和商业化瓶颈等关键挑战，以及合成库和计算机辅助设计等新兴解决方案。本文综述了基于nb的免疫检测技术的发展趋势和应用潜力，以期促进其在分析和诊断方面的进一步发展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biotechnology advances 工程技术-生物工程与应用微生物

CiteScore

25.50

自引率

2.50%

发文量

167

审稿时长

37 days

期刊介绍： Biotechnology Advances is a comprehensive review journal that covers all aspects of the multidisciplinary field of biotechnology. The journal focuses on biotechnology principles and their applications in various industries, agriculture, medicine, environmental concerns, and regulatory issues. It publishes authoritative articles that highlight current developments and future trends in the field of biotechnology. The journal invites submissions of manuscripts that are relevant and appropriate. It targets a wide audience, including scientists, engineers, students, instructors, researchers, practitioners, managers, governments, and other stakeholders in the field. Additionally, special issues are published based on selected presentations from recent relevant conferences in collaboration with the organizations hosting those conferences.