Contemporary imaging-based approach to primary prevention of coronary artery disease

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide, with many events occurring in individuals classified as having intermediate or even low risk according to traditional prediction models. Although contemporary risk calculators for coronary artery disease have offered modest improvements, their ability to provide individualized risk assessment remains limited. Noninvasive imaging techniques have gained growing recognition for their ability to detect evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis, refine risk stratification beyond conventional clinical parameters, and guide targeted preventive therapies. This review outlines the current evidence, clinical utility, and future potential of imaging-based strategies in enhancing primary prevention of coronary artery disease.