Prevalence and Associated Factors of Chronic Diseases Among Adults in Somaliland: A Multilevel Analysis From the 2020 SLHDS

Q1 Medicine

Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI:10.1002/cdt3.70027

Abdirahman Omer Ali, Yusuf Abdi Hared, Hodo Abdi Abdillahi, Muhyadin Yusuf Dahir, Abdisalam Mahdi Hassan, Md. Moyazzem Hossain

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Chronic diseases represent a growing public health challenge globally, particularly in developing regions like Sub-Saharan Africa. Somaliland faces a dual burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases amidst post-conflict recovery, yet data on non-communicable disease (NCD) prevalence and determinants remain scarce. This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence and identify socio-demographic factors associated with self-reported chronic diseases among adults in Somaliland.

Methods

This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Somaliland Health and Demographic Survey (SLHDS) 2020. The final sample of 11,153 adults had a highly skewed age distribution (94.6% aged 35–44), a primary limitation of this analysis. The outcome was a self-reported physician diagnosis of any chronic disease. A multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression model was employed to identify significant determinants while adjusting for confounders.

Results

The analysis identified several factors associated with reporting a chronic disease. Higher odds were observed among female-headed households (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.06–1.48) and divorced individuals (AOR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.55–2.37). Conversely, lower odds were associated with higher education (AOR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.34–0.82) and nomadic residence (AOR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.22–0.51). Unexpectedly, lack of electricity and no savings were also associated with lower odds, likely reflecting diagnostic access bias and reverse causation.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that self-reported chronic diseases are associated with specific socio-demographic vulnerabilities in Somaliland. The results should be interpreted with extreme caution and viewed as hypothesis-generating at best. Future research using objective measures and representative sampling is urgently needed to validate these associations and accurately quantify the NCD burden.

查看原文本刊更多论文

索马里兰成人慢性病患病率及相关因素：来自2020年SLHDS的多水平分析

慢性疾病是全球公共卫生面临的日益严峻的挑战，特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲等发展中地区。索马里兰在冲突后恢复过程中面临传染病和非传染性疾病的双重负担，但关于非传染性疾病流行情况和决定因素的数据仍然很少。本研究旨在确定索马里兰成年人慢性疾病的患病率，并确定与自我报告的慢性病相关的社会人口因素。方法本横断面研究利用了2020年索马里兰健康与人口调查（SLHDS）的数据。11153名成年人的最终样本的年龄分布高度倾斜（94.6%的人年龄在35-44岁之间），这是本分析的主要局限性。结果是任何慢性疾病的自我报告医师诊断。采用多水平混合效应逻辑回归模型来确定重要的决定因素，同时调整混杂因素。结果分析确定了与报告慢性疾病相关的几个因素。在女性户主家庭（调整优势比[AOR]: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.06-1.48）和离婚个体（AOR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.55-2.37）中观察到较高的几率。相反，与高等教育（AOR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.34 - 0.82）和游牧居住（AOR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.22-0.51）相关的几率较低。出乎意料的是，缺乏电力和没有储蓄也与较低的几率有关，这可能反映了诊断获取偏差和反向因果关系。结论研究结果表明，自我报告的慢性病与索马里兰特定的社会人口脆弱性有关。对研究结果的解读应极其谨慎，最多只能将其视为一种假设。迫切需要使用客观测量和代表性抽样的未来研究来验证这些关联并准确量化非传染性疾病负担。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine Medicine-General Medicine

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

195

审稿时长

35 weeks

期刊介绍： This journal aims to promote progress from basic research to clinical practice and to provide a forum for communication among basic, translational, and clinical research practitioners and physicians from all relevant disciplines. Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, stroke, chronic respiratory diseases (such as asthma and COPD), chronic kidney diseases, and related translational research. Topics of interest for Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine include Research and commentary on models of chronic diseases with significant implications for disease diagnosis and treatment Investigative studies of human biology with an emphasis on disease Perspectives and reviews on research topics that discuss the implications of findings from the viewpoints of basic science and clinical practic.