Environmental challenges in electrification: Traffic-induced non-exhaust PM2.5 emissions in Cangzhou, China

IF 8.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.trd.2025.105137

Lewen Wang , Like Jiang , Pengfei Fan , Wei Hao , Zeyu Zhang , Zhiqiang Zhai , Lei Yu , Guohua Song , Yizheng Wu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Non-exhaust PM_2.5 emissions are often overlooked despite their increasingly significant contribution. Including non-exhaust emissions to establish a complete road emissions inventory is critical for formulating effective control strategies and reducing health risks especially during the fleet electrification process. This study developed a PM_2.5 emission estimation framework incorporating exhaust and non-exhaust sources, validated by roadside PM_2.5 concentrations from a mobile cruise sensing system in Cangzhou, China. The results found that traffic-related PM_2.5 concentrations contributing to roadside environments exhibit hourly variations, with an average proportion of 44.05 %. Analysis of peak-hour PM_2.5 emissions revealed the non-exhaust sources dominate (91.38 %). Under scenarios with 35 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 % electrification rates, PM_2.5 emissions will decrease by 6.96 %, 11.01 %, 17.77 %, and 24.53 %, respectively, compared to the baseline. This study highlights that fleet electrification will not completely eliminate PM_2.5 emissions, and helps identify priorities and develop targeted emission control policies for medium-sized populous cities in developing countries.

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电气化带来的环境挑战：中国沧州交通引起的非排气PM2.5排放

非尾气PM2.5排放量的贡献越来越大，但往往被忽视。包括非废气排放以建立完整的道路排放清单对于制定有效的控制战略和减少健康风险至关重要，特别是在车队电气化过程中。本研究开发了一个包含尾气和非尾气源的PM2.5排放估算框架，并通过中国沧州移动巡航传感系统的路边PM2.5浓度进行验证。结果发现，与交通相关的PM2.5浓度对路边环境的影响呈现逐小时变化，平均比例为44.05%。高峰时段PM2.5排放分析显示，非尾气源占主导地位（91.38%）。在35%、50%、75%和100%电气化率的情景下，PM2.5排放量将分别比基线下降6.96%、11.01%、17.77%和24.53%。该研究强调，汽车电气化不会完全消除PM2.5排放，并有助于确定发展中国家中等人口城市的优先事项和制定有针对性的排放控制政策。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment 工程技术-运输科技

CiteScore

14.40

自引率

9.20%

发文量

314

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment focuses on original research exploring the environmental impacts of transportation, policy responses to these impacts, and their implications for transportation system design, planning, and management. The journal comprehensively covers the interaction between transportation and the environment, ranging from local effects on specific geographical areas to global implications such as natural resource depletion and atmospheric pollution. We welcome research papers across all transportation modes, including maritime, air, and land transportation, assessing their environmental impacts broadly. Papers addressing both mobile aspects and transportation infrastructure are considered. The journal prioritizes empirical findings and policy responses of regulatory, planning, technical, or fiscal nature. Articles are policy-driven, accessible, and applicable to readers from diverse disciplines, emphasizing relevance and practicality. We encourage interdisciplinary submissions and welcome contributions from economically developing and advanced countries alike, reflecting our international orientation.