[Feed refusal and anorectal abscesses in fattening pigs possibly due to contamination of corn cob mix with thornapple (Datura stramonium)].

Abstract

In October 2022, an increased incidence of anorectal abscesses occurred within a few days in finishing pigs on a pig fattening farm in north-western Germany. The farm keeps approx. 3000 pigs. Only finishing pigs (approx. 100 kg) in various stall compartments and pens were affected. The affected pigs developed purulent-inflammatory changes in the region between rectum, anus, and base of the tail. Signs of mechanical injuries or cannibalism were not evident. The owner reported a sudden refusal to feed about two weeks prior to the appearance of the abscesses. A new batch of corn-cob-mix was used from this point onwards. The animals were given liquid feed consisting of grain (barley, wheat), corn-cob-mix and supplementary feed. Atypical black particles the size of a pinhead were found in the mixing container of the liquid feed. After consultation with the farmer who had grown the maize used for the corn-cob mix, common datura (Datura stramonium) was identified as a contaminant. Pigs are known to be susceptible to the antinutritive effects of datura. In addition to feed refusal, this also induces a reduction of gastrointestinal peristaltic movement. In the present case, constipation was not directly observed in the affected pigs by the farmer, however, this nevertheless appears to represent the likely cause of the dermal changes. Subsequently, the datura contamination could be involved in the pathogenesis of the described anorectal abscesses.