Clarifying the role of somatic and depressive symptoms in suicide risk: Evidence from a cross-sectional analysis

IF 3.3 2区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Psychosomatic Research Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112468

Ronja Volz , Robert Philipp Kosilek , Carolin Haas , Patricia Dolp , Caroline Jung-Sievers , Tobias Teismann , Peter Henningsen , Peter Falkai , Jochen Gensichen , Karoline Lukaschek , for the POKAL Study Group

{"title":"Clarifying the role of somatic and depressive symptoms in suicide risk: Evidence from a cross-sectional analysis","authors":"Ronja Volz , Robert Philipp Kosilek , Carolin Haas , Patricia Dolp , Caroline Jung-Sievers , Tobias Teismann , Peter Henningsen , Peter Falkai , Jochen Gensichen , Karoline Lukaschek , for the POKAL Study Group","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112468","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Somatic symptoms are common in psychiatric and primary care populations, and their relationship with depression and suicidal ideation is complex. This study investigates the association between somatic symptoms and suicidal ideation, accounting for comorbid depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 521 in- and outpatient with PHQ-9 ≥ 6 or a positive response to item 9, indicative of suicidal thoughts. Somatic and depressive symptoms were assessed using the PHQ-15 and PHQ-2 or PHQ-9, respectively. Suicidal ideation was measured using the risk subscale of the SuPr-10; the protective subscale was included as a covariate. Associations were examined using correlation matrices and regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sample was 68 % female with a mean age of 41 years; 52 % screened positive for suicidal ideation. PHQ-9 (mean = 14.8, SD = 5.0) and PHQ-15 scores (mean = 12.4, SD = 5.0) were moderately elevated. In a two-part regression model, higher depressive symptoms were associated with a reduced likelihood of reporting no suicidal ideation (OR = 0.50, 95 % CI: 0.41–0.62) and increased severity of suicidal ideation (IRR = 1.17, 95 % CI: 1.09–1.27). Somatic symptoms showed no meaningful direct effects but were indirectly associated with suicidal ideation via depressive symptoms (indirect effect OR = 1.05, 95 % CI: 1.03–1.07).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In individuals with somatic complaints, co-occurring depressive symptoms are strongly associated with suicidal ideation. Systematic depression screening is essential in somatically presenting patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50074,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 112468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022399925004325","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/11/20 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Somatic symptoms are common in psychiatric and primary care populations, and their relationship with depression and suicidal ideation is complex. This study investigates the association between somatic symptoms and suicidal ideation, accounting for comorbid depressive symptoms.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 521 in- and outpatient with PHQ-9 ≥ 6 or a positive response to item 9, indicative of suicidal thoughts. Somatic and depressive symptoms were assessed using the PHQ-15 and PHQ-2 or PHQ-9, respectively. Suicidal ideation was measured using the risk subscale of the SuPr-10; the protective subscale was included as a covariate. Associations were examined using correlation matrices and regression models.

Results

The sample was 68 % female with a mean age of 41 years; 52 % screened positive for suicidal ideation. PHQ-9 (mean = 14.8, SD = 5.0) and PHQ-15 scores (mean = 12.4, SD = 5.0) were moderately elevated. In a two-part regression model, higher depressive symptoms were associated with a reduced likelihood of reporting no suicidal ideation (OR = 0.50, 95 % CI: 0.41–0.62) and increased severity of suicidal ideation (IRR = 1.17, 95 % CI: 1.09–1.27). Somatic symptoms showed no meaningful direct effects but were indirectly associated with suicidal ideation via depressive symptoms (indirect effect OR = 1.05, 95 % CI: 1.03–1.07).

Conclusions

In individuals with somatic complaints, co-occurring depressive symptoms are strongly associated with suicidal ideation. Systematic depression screening is essential in somatically presenting patients.

查看原文本刊更多论文

澄清躯体和抑郁症状在自杀风险中的作用：来自横断面分析的证据

背景：躯体症状在精神科和初级保健人群中很常见，它们与抑郁和自杀意念的关系很复杂。本研究调查了躯体症状和自杀意念之间的关系，并解释了共病抑郁症状。方法本横断面研究纳入521名PHQ-9≥6或对第9项有积极反应的住院和门诊患者，表明他们有自杀念头。躯体症状和抑郁症状分别用PHQ-15和PHQ-2或PHQ-9进行评估。自杀意念采用super -10风险子量表进行测量；保护分量表被纳入协变量。使用相关矩阵和回归模型检验相关性。结果患者中女性占68%，平均年龄41岁；52%的人有自杀意念。PHQ-9评分（平均14.8分，SD = 5.0）、PHQ-15评分（平均12.4分，SD = 5.0）中度升高。在两部分回归模型中，较高的抑郁症状与报告无自杀意念的可能性降低（OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.41-0.62）和自杀意念严重程度增加（IRR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.09-1.27）相关。躯体症状没有直接影响，但通过抑郁症状与自杀意念间接相关（间接影响OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03-1.07）。结论在躯体主诉个体中，共发抑郁症状与自杀意念密切相关。系统的抑郁症筛查对躯体症状患者至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Psychosomatic Research 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

6.40%

发文量

314

审稿时长

6.2 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Psychosomatic Research is a multidisciplinary research journal covering all aspects of the relationships between psychology and medicine. The scope is broad and ranges from basic human biological and psychological research to evaluations of treatment and services. Papers will normally be concerned with illness or patients rather than studies of healthy populations. Studies concerning special populations, such as the elderly and children and adolescents, are welcome. In addition to peer-reviewed original papers, the journal publishes editorials, reviews, and other papers related to the journal''s aims.