Physical activity patterns and environmental influences: Findings from the Kuwait diabetes epidemiology program

Global Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-12 DOI:10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100232

Victor M. Oguoma , Mark Daniel , Ralf-D Schroers , Mohamed Abu-Farha , Faisal H. Al-Refaei , Fahd Al-Mulla , Neil T. Coffee , Saad Alsharrah

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Abstract

Background

Insufficient physical activity (PA) is the fourth leading risk factor for cardiometabolic disease. This study assessed in Kuwait adults the spatial clustering of PA; relationships between PA, climatic factors and built environmental (BE) indicators; and ethnic group differences in PA.

Methods

A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 2011 to 2014 targeting adults in Kuwait ≥18 years old, using the World Health Organisation (WHO) Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) to assess five domains of physical activity. 2530 participants were classified as physically active or not physically active based on accruing at least 600 MET (min/week). Objectively measured residential-area BE indicators were extracted using the street address location of study participants. Climatic variables expressed as monthly aggregates were acquired from Kuwait's climate stations. Random effects logit analysis was used to assess the relationships between PA, climatic and BE variables.

Results

The proportion of physically active respondents was 51.9 % (95 % CI: 49.9, 53.8 %). Insufficient PA was greater in women than men. Suburb-level PA ranged from 21.4 % to 81.9 %. Covariate-adjusted analyses of PA revealed a weak positive association between average temperature aOR = 1.03 (95 %CI: 1.00, 1.06), open space sports ground with synthetic grass (300 m) aOR = 1.28 (95 %CI: 0.88, 1.86), and weighted area road density (100 m) aOR = 1.06 (95 %CI: 0.96, 1.17). A lower odds of PA was apparent for respondents who were currently married (vs never married) aOR = 0.68 (95 %CI: 0.46, 0.99), and for women (vs men) aOR = 0.57 (95 %CI: 0.46, 0.72). A greater odds of PA was apparent for the South/Southeast Asian relative to Arab ethnic group aOR = 1.32 (95 %CI: 1.04, 1.67).

Conclusion

This study indicates that half the population in Kuwait did not meet the WHO recommended minimum PA level of at least 600 MET (min/week). Efforts to promote PA in Kuwait should consider addressing gender and ethnic disparities, local environmental factors, and demographic influences such as marital status.

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体育活动模式和环境影响：来自科威特糖尿病流行病学项目的发现

背景：缺乏足够的身体活动（PA）是导致心脏代谢疾病的第四大危险因素。本研究评估了科威特成人PA的空间聚类；气候因子与建筑环境（BE）指标之间的关系以及族群差异。方法采用世界卫生组织（WHO）全球身体活动问卷（GPAQ），于2011年至2014年对科威特≥18岁的成年人进行了一项基于人群的横断面研究，评估了5个身体活动领域。2530名参与者根据累积至少600 MET （min/week）将其分为运动或不运动两组。使用研究参与者的街道地址位置提取客观测量的居住区BE指标。以月总量表示的气候变量是从科威特的气候站获得的。随机效应logit分析评估了PA、气候和BE变量之间的关系。结果参与体育锻炼的受访者比例为51.9% （95% CI: 49.9, 53.8%）。女性比男性更容易出现PA不足。郊区水平的PA从21.4%到81.9%不等。协变量校正分析显示，平均气温aOR = 1.03 （95% CI: 1.00, 1.06）、室外人造草坪运动场（300 m） aOR = 1.28 （95% CI: 0.88, 1.86）、加权面积道路密度（100 m） aOR = 1.06 （95% CI: 0.96, 1.17）呈弱正相关。目前已婚（与从未结婚）的受访者患PA的几率较低，aOR = 0.68 (95% CI: 0.46, 0.99)，女性（与男性）aOR = 0.57 （95% CI: 0.46, 0.72）。南亚/东南亚人患前列腺癌的几率明显高于阿拉伯人（or = 1.32）（95% CI: 1.04, 1.67）。该研究表明，科威特有一半的人口没有达到WHO推荐的最低PA水平至少600 MET（分钟/周）。在科威特促进PA的努力应考虑解决性别和种族差异、当地环境因素以及婚姻状况等人口影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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