{"title":"Application of four-dimensional impedance analysis to elucidating corrosion mechanisms in additively manufactured metals and alloys","authors":"Yoshinao Hoshi , Dasom Kim , Naoki Takata","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101773","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review describes a four-dimensional (4D) impedance analysis approach for analyzing the oxide film formation process that accompanies the dissolution of metals and alloys. In this analysis, the measured impedance was plotted on a three-dimensional (3D) complex impedance plot composed of real, imaginary, and time axes. Since the impedance plots of the same frequency in each spectrum are smoothly connected using a spline under tension function, the instantaneous impedance can be determined at an arbitrary time on the 3D complex impedance plot. In this review, the application of 4D impedance analysis to an additively manufactured aluminum alloy produced by a laser powder bed fusion process is introduced as a representative additive manufacturing technology. Additionally, the corrosion resistance mechanisms are discussed based on the impedance variation, which is attributed to dissolution and oxide film formation to generate a unique alloy structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101773"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451910325001322","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/10/22 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This review describes a four-dimensional (4D) impedance analysis approach for analyzing the oxide film formation process that accompanies the dissolution of metals and alloys. In this analysis, the measured impedance was plotted on a three-dimensional (3D) complex impedance plot composed of real, imaginary, and time axes. Since the impedance plots of the same frequency in each spectrum are smoothly connected using a spline under tension function, the instantaneous impedance can be determined at an arbitrary time on the 3D complex impedance plot. In this review, the application of 4D impedance analysis to an additively manufactured aluminum alloy produced by a laser powder bed fusion process is introduced as a representative additive manufacturing technology. Additionally, the corrosion resistance mechanisms are discussed based on the impedance variation, which is attributed to dissolution and oxide film formation to generate a unique alloy structure.
期刊介绍:
The development of the Current Opinion journals stemmed from the acknowledgment of the growing challenge for specialists to stay abreast of the expanding volume of information within their field. In Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, they help the reader by providing in a systematic manner:
1.The views of experts on current advances in electrochemistry in a clear and readable form.
2.Evaluations of the most interesting papers, annotated by experts, from the great wealth of original publications.
In the realm of electrochemistry, the subject is divided into 12 themed sections, with each section undergoing an annual review cycle:
• Bioelectrochemistry • Electrocatalysis • Electrochemical Materials and Engineering • Energy Storage: Batteries and Supercapacitors • Energy Transformation • Environmental Electrochemistry • Fundamental & Theoretical Electrochemistry • Innovative Methods in Electrochemistry • Organic & Molecular Electrochemistry • Physical & Nano-Electrochemistry • Sensors & Bio-sensors •