Sonodynamic Therapy With Orally Absorbable Nanomedicine for Brain Tumor.

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and treatment-resistant brain tumor with poor prognosis despite surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), which combines low-intensity focused ultrasound with systemically or orally administered sonosensitizers, has emerged as a promising non-invasive approach to achieve localized tumor cell killing via reactive oxygen species. Recent advances in nanomedicine have enabled the development of orally absorbable, blood-brain barrier permeable delivery systems that enhance tumor targeting and ultrasound responsiveness. Preclinical studies have demonstrated consistent anti-tumor efficacy and immune activation, while early clinical trials suggest SDT is safe, feasible, and potentially effective in recurrent GBM. This review outlines recent progress in SDT-based strategies for GBM, with emphasis on mechanistic insights, delivery innovations, and clinical translation.