The impact of physiological and parafunctional posterior occlusal forces on experimental Ti-15Zrsupracrestal dental implant - a finite element analysis.

Abstract

Aim of the study: This study aims to evaluate and compare the stress distribution patterns of two experimental tissue-level, convergent collar implants (one made of Ti-6Al-4V (control) and the other of Roxolid-based (Ti-15Zr) material) using 3D finite element analysis (FEA) under various simulated masticatory conditions.

Methods: A 3D finite element model replicating a tissue-level implant with convergent neck design was developed in ANSYS software, incorporating both cortical and trabecular bone geometry. Implants made of Ti-6Al-4V-Grade 5 and Roxolide-type-Ti-15Zr alloy were simulated under axial (0°) and oblique (45° angle) loading forces (50 N, 200 N, 300 N, and 400 N). The von Mises equivalent stress distribution was calculated to assess the biomechanical performance.

Results: Under masticatory forces simulation, titanium-alloy implants exhibited maximum stress values (400 N) of 260.38 MPa under axial load and 536.2 MPa under oblique load. Ti-15Zr implants exhibited a slightly lower peak stress of 506.95 MPa under a load of 400 N at a 45° inclination and 240.81 N under axial load. Based on 3D finite analysis, the stress distribution maps showed higher concentration in the implant-abutment connection and the cervical region, particularly under oblique loading.

Conclusions: Although titanium implants exhibited higher stress limits, Ti-15Zr implants showed biomechanical stability under oblique simulated forces. Ti-15Zr implants exhibited a more uniform stress distribution with a reduced peak concentration.