Development and Characteristics of a Dual-Layered Vascular Phantom.

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI:10.1007/s13239-025-00810-0

Kaitlyn M Elmer, Cassidy Caffin, Breeanna Scott, Sam E Stephens, Morten O Jensen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: Cardiovascular phantoms are used in biomedical research and development applications, allowing for complex geometries to be studied in a controlled environment. The various layers of human tissue have been difficult to mimic in these phantoms. In this study, a novel dual-layer cardiovascular phantom is created.

Methods: The interior lumen is 3D printed using an elastic vat-photopolymerization resin and cast within an industry standard tissue-mimicking ballistics gel. Strips of the 3D-printed resin were prepared and tested to determine Young's modulus, Ultimate tensile strength, and elongation at break.

Results: The final phantoms were reproducible, semi-transparent, and suitable for microCT scanning. Additionally, the 3D-printed elastic materials had: Young's Modulus of 12 +/- 3.2 MPa, UTS of 1.27 +/- 0.44 MPa, and elongation at break of 29 +/- 9%. These results are within the physiological ranges of human tissues. There was a moderate correlation between the thickness of the sample and stiffness, which may be important depending on the application of the models.

Conclusion: The methods for producing a dual-layered phantom are reproducible and appropriate for a variety of biomedical applications.

Abstract Image

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双层血管影的发展与特点。

目的：心血管幻影用于生物医学研究和开发应用，允许在受控环境中研究复杂的几何形状。人体组织的不同层次很难在这些幻影中模仿。本研究创建了一种新型的双层心血管模体。方法：内部腔体使用弹性光聚合树脂进行3D打印，并在工业标准的仿组织弹道凝胶中铸造。制备并测试了3d打印树脂条，以确定杨氏模量，极限拉伸强度和断裂伸长率。结果：最终影重现性好，半透明，适合显微ct扫描。此外，3d打印弹性材料的杨氏模量为12 +/- 3.2 MPa， UTS为1.27 +/- 0.44 MPa，断裂伸长率为29 +/- 9%。这些结果在人体组织的生理范围内。样品的厚度和刚度之间存在适度的相关性，这可能是重要的，取决于模型的应用。结论：该制备方法可重复性好，适用于多种生物医学应用。

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来源期刊

Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology Engineering-Biomedical Engineering

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology is a journal publishing the spectrum of basic to translational research in all aspects of cardiovascular physiology and medical treatment. It is the forum for academic and industrial investigators to disseminate research that utilizes engineering principles and methods to advance fundamental knowledge and technological solutions related to the cardiovascular system. Manuscripts spanning from subcellular to systems level topics are invited, including but not limited to implantable medical devices, hemodynamics and tissue biomechanics, functional imaging, surgical devices, electrophysiology, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, diagnostic instruments, transport and delivery of biologics, and sensors. In addition to manuscripts describing the original publication of research, manuscripts reviewing developments in these topics or their state-of-art are also invited.