Brain Nutrient Sensing: A Unifying Framework.

IF 20.3 1区医学 Q1 PHYSIOLOGY

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI:10.1146/annurev-physiol-042324-100329

Clemence Blouet, Gary J Schwartz

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Whole-body nutrient homeostasis is critical for healthy growth, successful reproduction, and survival. We propose a conceptual framework emphasizing the role of brain nutrient sensing in mediating adaptive responses for the maintenance of nutrient homeostasis. Specialized brain nutrient-sensing cells monitor nutrients and meal-related signals, provide feedback responses to maintain internal nutrient availability, and adapt physiological functions according to environmental nutrient fluctuations. Maladaptive functioning of these pathways may underlie multiple pathophysiological conditions, including cardiometabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. By examining recent advances, this review highlights the importance of brain nutrient sensing in adaptive systemic physiology and behavior, exploring the potential of these neural pathways as therapeutic targets extending beyond obesity management. Ultimately, the goal of this review is to synthesize current evidence into a coherent framework that guides new mechanistic hypotheses, facilitating deeper investigation into how brain nutrient sensing influences health and contributes to disease pathogenesis.

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脑营养感知：一个统一的框架。

全身营养平衡对健康生长、成功繁殖和生存至关重要。我们提出了一个概念框架，强调大脑营养感知在维持营养稳态的适应性反应中所起的作用。专门的大脑营养感应细胞监测营养和膳食相关信号，提供反馈反应以维持内部营养可用性，并根据环境营养波动调整生理功能。这些通路的不适应功能可能是多种病理生理条件的基础，包括心脏代谢和神经退行性疾病。通过研究最近的进展，本综述强调了大脑营养感知在适应性系统生理和行为中的重要性，并探索了这些神经通路作为肥胖管理以外的治疗靶点的潜力。最终，本综述的目标是将现有证据综合成一个连贯的框架，指导新的机制假设，促进对大脑营养感知如何影响健康和促进疾病发病机制的深入研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Annual review of physiology 医学-生理学

CiteScore

35.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Since 1939, the Annual Review of Physiology has been highlighting significant developments in animal physiology. The journal covers diverse areas, including cardiovascular physiology, cell physiology, ecological, evolutionary, and comparative physiology, endocrinology, gastrointestinal physiology, neurophysiology, renal and electrolyte physiology, respiratory physiology, and special topics.